0393136 EVINRUDE GEARCASE ASSY., Long

Table 1
Event Code    
Description    Conditions which Activate the Code    System Response    
E401(1) Cylinder #1 Detonation
E402(1) Cylinder #2 Detonation
E403 (1) Cylinder #3 Detonation
E404 (1) Cylinder #4 Detonation
E405(1) Cylinder #5 Detonation
E406(1) Cylinder #6 Detonation
E407(1) Cylinder #7 Detonation
E408(1) Cylinder #8 Detonation
E409(1) Cylinder #9 Detonation
E410(1) Cylinder #10 Detonation
E411(1) Cylinder #11 Detonation
E412(1) Cylinder #12 Detonation
E413(1) Cylinder #13 Detonation
E414(1) Cylinder #14 Detonation
E415(1) Cylinder #15 Detonation
E416(1) Cylinder #16 Detonation     The level of detonation has exceeded the trip point. There is no active diagnostic code for the detonation sensor.     The alarm output is activated. The code is logged.
The engine performance may be affected by an adjustment of the timing in order to reduce detonation.    
Table 2
Event Code    
Description    Conditions which Activate the Code    System Response    
E421(3) Cylinder #1 Detonation Shutdown
E422(3) Cylinder #2 Detonation Shutdown
E423(3) Cylinder #3 Detonation Shutdown
E424(3) Cylinder #4 Detonation Shutdown
E425(3) Cylinder #5 Detonation Shutdown
E426(3) Cylinder #6 Detonation Shutdown
E427(3) Cylinder #7 Detonation Shutdown
E428(3) Cylinder #8 Detonation Shutdown
E429(3) Cylinder #9 Detonation Shutdown
E430(3) Cylinder #10 Detonation Shutdown
E431(3) Cylinder #11 Detonation Shutdown
E432(3) Cylinder #12 Detonation Shutdown
E433(3) Cylinder #13 Detonation Shutdown
E434(3) Cylinder #14 Detonation Shutdown
E435(3) Cylinder #15 Detonation Shutdown
E436(3) Cylinder #16 Detonation Shutdown     The level of detonation has exceeded the trip point. Maximum retardation of the timing was unable to control the detonation adequately during the number of ignition sparks that are allowed. There is no active diagnostic code for the detonation sensor.     The fuel is shut off. The shutdown output is activated. The code is logged.
The engine is shut down.    Probable Causes
Excessive load
Misfire
Adjustment of needle valves for the precombustion chamber
High inlet air temperature
Incorrect air/fuel ratio
Coolant in a cylinder
Excessive deposits in the combustion chamber
Faulty circuit for the detonation sensor
High BTU fuel gas supply
Mechanical problemRecommended Repairs
Excessive Load
Make sure that the load is not excessive. Reduce the load. If necessary, disengage the driven equipment and test the engine.Misfire
If a cylinder is misfiring, the other cylinders can be overloaded. Overloading will cause the other cylinders to detonate. To eliminate the detonation, first eliminate the misfire. Refer to Troubleshooting, "Engine Misfires, Runs Rough or Is Unstable".Needle Valves
Misfire can occur in the precombustion chamber if the air/fuel mixture is too lean. If a cylinder is misfiring, the other cylinders can be overloaded. Overloading will cause the other cylinders to detonate.Determine whether the adjustment of the needle valves is correct. If the needle valves require adjustment, fully close all of the needle valves. Then open all of the needle valves for four full turns. Operate the engine and use an emissions analyzer to obtain the correct level of exhaust emissions.Note: The recommended minimum position of the needle valve should not be less than two turns open.Check the Inlet Air Temperature
High inlet air temperature can cause detonation. Check the inlet air temperature. Check for an event code for the inlet air temperature.If an event code for the inlet air temperature is active, refer to Troubleshooting, "Inlet Air Temperature Is High".Air/Fuel Ratio
An air/fuel mixture that is too rich will cause detonation. A change in the fuel energy content will change the air/fuel ratio. Obtain a fuel analysis. Enter the data into Caterpillar Software Program, LEKQ6378, "Methane Number Program". Use Cat ET to program the correct LHV and specific gravity of the fuel into the ECM.The fuel supply pressure must be adequate and stable. Make sure that the electrohydraulic actuator for the fuel is operating correctly.Verify that the exhaust emissions are correct.Coolant in a Cylinder
Under some circumstances, detonation can occur if a solution of water and glycol leaks into a precombustion chamber and the coolant is burned. If a water/glycol solution is used, monitor the cylinder exhaust port temperature. If the temperature is higher than the average, inspect the cylinder for evidence of coolant leaks in the precombustion chamber.Note: Significant leaking of any type of coolant will cause the cylinder to misfire.Check for Deposits in the Cylinders
Overfilling of engine oil can lead to deposits. Make sure that the engine oil level is correct.Note: Excessive deposits contribute to guttering of the valves.Use a borescope to inspect the cylinders. Look for the following conditions:
Deposits on the valve seats
Deposits on the valve faces
Deposits on the cylinder walls that are above the upper limit of the piston stroke
Signs of internal leaksSigns of internal leaks include excessive consumption of engine oil, blue smoke, and excessive detonation.If excessive deposits and/or signs of internal leaks are found, investigate the cause of the condition. Make repairs, as needed.Check the Detonation Sensors
A problem with a detonation sensor or the electrical circuit can cause false indications of detonation. Troubleshoot the detonation sensors. Refer to Troubleshooting, "Detonation Test".High BTU Fuel Gas Supply
The value of the fuel BTU may have changed due to customer activities. Obtain a current fuel analysis. If the BTU of the fuel has changed significantly, use an exhaust analyzer to tune the engine.Mechanical Problem
The detonation detection system is designed to provide detonation control for selected cylinders. However, the system is also capable of detecting other unusual structural vibrations. The system can detect both detonation events and irregular mechanical events.If a root cause of the detonation is not found, proceed with investigating the mechanical system. Look for loose fasteners, discoloration that is due to overheating, and any indication of mechanical impact.Remove the crankcase side covers, the camshaft covers, and the valve covers. Check the valve lash. Look for the following types of problems before the problems can cause a more serious situation: maladjusted valve lash, spalling of the cams, broken connecting rod bolts and other mechanical issues.