0431946 JOHNSON COVER & SCREW AY., Exhaust

Fuel System (Air/Fuel Ratio Control)
The fuel system includes these components:
CAM phaser
Engine control module (ECM)
Fuel metering valve
Inlet manifold pressure sensor
Inlet manifold temperature sensor
Oxygen sensors
Throttle differential pressure sensorThe fuel metering valve controls the flow of fuel to the engine. The ECM determines the requirement for the mixture of air and fuel. The ECM sends a signal to the fuel metering valve. The fuel metering valve controls the volume of the gas flow to the engine.The inlet manifold pressure and temperature are monitored. This information is provided to the ECM. The ECM uses this information to adjust the flow of fuel to meet emissions requirements. This process is continuous during engine operation.The fuel flows through the fuel metering valve into the mixer. The mixture of air and fuel flows through the turbocharger compressor. The air/fuel mixture is cooled in the aftercooler. The mixture enters the cylinders through a throttle valve.The ECM sends a signal to the throttle valve. The throttle controls the flow of the air/fuel mixture to the cylinders.Ignition System
The engine is equipped with an electronic ignition system. The system provides dependable firing and low maintenance. The system provides precise control of the spark and the ignition timing for each cylinder.The system also provides diagnostic capability that enhances troubleshooting. The primary ignition wiring is routed internally through the engine.The engines are equipped with protection from detonation. A detonation sensor is located between every two cylinders. The ignition timing is delayed for a cylinder when excessive detonation is sensed in that cylinder. If the maximum delayed ignition timing position is attained and detonation continues to occur, the ECM shuts down the engine.The engines are equipped with flame arresters. The flame arresters are at the entrance of each inlet port. If the engine backfires, the flame arresters prevent the fire from entering the air/fuel mixture.Lubrication System
The engine lubrication oil is circulated by a gear-driven pump. The oil is cooled and filtered. A bypass valve provides unrestricted flow of lubrication oil to the engine parts if the oil filter elements become plugged.The engine also has a turbocharger oil accumulator. This accumulator provides oil to the turbocharger during hot shutdowns.Cooling System
The standard cooling system has a gear-driven centrifugal pump. For applications that combine heating and power, the pump for circulating the jacket water is supplied by the customer. The cooling system has temperature regulators that regulate the temperature of the coolant. The temperature depends on the application.The turbocharged engine has a two-stage aftercooler. The first stage is a jacket water cooler, and the second stage is a Separate Circuit Aftercooler (SCAC). The SCAC is required to provide 54 °C (130 °F) maximum coolant temperature to the engine (SCAC).If the inlet temperature to the SCAC exceeds these temperatures, consult your Cat dealer.Engine Service Life
Engine efficiency and maximum utilization of engine performance depend on adherence to proper operation and maintenance recommendations. This adherence includes the use of recommended lubricants, fuels, and coolants.For the engine maintenance that is required, refer to this Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Maintenance Interval Schedule" (Maintenance Section).Engine Specifications
Illustration 1 g00845212
(1 through 16) Cylinder numbers
(A) Inlet valves
(B) Exhaust valves
(C) Flywheel
Table 1
G3516 Engine Specifications
Operating range (RPM) 1050-1400
Idle speed low RPM 700
Cylinders and arrangement 60 degree Vee 16
Bore 170 mm (6.7 inch)
Stroke 190 mm (7.5 inch)
Displacement 69 L (4210 cubic inch)
Compression ratio 8.5:1
Aspiration Turbocharged aftercooled
Separate circuit aftercooling
Rotation (flywheel end) Counterclockwise rotation is standard.