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Active Diagnostic Codes
An active diagnostic code represents a problem with the electronic control system that should be investigated and corrected as soon as practical.When an active diagnostic code is generated, a display module such as the Caterpillar Monitoring System may produce an audible or visible warning indicator to alert the operator. If the condition generating the diagnostic occurs only for a brief moment, the message will disappear and the diagnostic code will be Logged in the ECM memory.Logged Diagnostic Codes
When the ECM generates a diagnostic code, it usually logs the code in permanent memory within the ECM. The ECM has an internal diagnostic clock and will record the hour of the first occurrence, the hour of the last occurrence and the number of occurrences of the code.Knowing when and how often the code was generated can be a valuable indicator when troubleshooting intermittent problems. The ECAP Electronic Service Tool can be used but does not support all logged codes.An Electronic Service Tool can retrieve and delete Logged codes. Any Logged diagnostic codes will automatically be deleted if no additional occurrences are recorded in 100 hours.When investigating logged diagnostic codes, keep in mind the following information.* Some diagnostic codes may be sensitive, and may log occurrences that did not result in operator or pilot complaints. If the time the code was logged does not correlate to a complaint, there may be nothing to fix.* The most likely cause of an intermittent problem is a faulty connection or damaged wiring. Next likely is a component failure (sensor or switch). Least likely is failure of the ECM itself.* Diagnostic codes that are logged repeatedly may indicate a problem that needs special investigation.To troubleshoot a Logged diagnostic code, refer to the Quick Reference Sheet For Diagnostic Codes in this section. The code number will direct you to a procedure in Section 5: Functional Tests. If the symptoms continue, use the proper procedure for troubleshooting the symptoms that have been experienced by the operator. Refer to Section 3: Troubleshooting Without a Diagnostic Code. Always clear logged diagnostic codes after investigating and correcting the problem which generated the code.
Figure 4.15 - Reference: Output Voltage From An Analog Temperature Sensor The diagram shown is for reference only and should not be used to troubleshoot an Analog Temperature Sensor.Logged Events
The ECM can log events. Events refer to engine operating conditions such as low oil pressure or high coolant temperature. Logged events do not indicate an electronic system problem, but may indicate an engine system problem. The example diagram shown indicates the output voltage from a Coolant Temperature Sensor and how the ECM responds to that voltage.Programmable Shutdown, Alarms And Derates
On some applications, shutdown, alarms and derates are programmable. The Electronic Service Tool can be used to turn these features ON and OFF. When the features are turned ON, the indication will appear on an electronic display module (i.e. Caterpillar Monitoring System) and an Event will also be logged in the ECM. When the features are turned OFF, the display will not appear on a monitoring module, but an Event will still be logged. Refer to Section 2 for additional information.Flash Codes
The Check Engine Lamp indicates the existence of active diagnostic codes. While the engine is operating, the lamp will turn ON for a minimum of five seconds any time a diagnostic code is present. The lamp will remain ON as long as the diagnostic is active and the keyswitch is in the ON position. Most diagnostics are also logged into memory.On power up (keyswitch ON, engine OFF), the lamp comes ON for five seconds. If there are any active diagnostic codes, the lamp will remain ON until the keyswitch is turned to the OFF position.The Diagnostic Enable Switch allows the mechanic to request the Engine ECM to "FLASH" any active codes on the Check Engine Lamp. Closing the switch (requesting the flash codes) connects Digital Return to pin-19 (Diagnostic Enable Switch) of P1/J1 and the ECM will "FLASH" (turn the Check Engine Lamp ON and OFF) to provide a two digit code which represents each supported active fault condition.The flash code is determined by the number of times the Check Engine Lamp blinks. The lamp will blink for the first digit, pause for one second, then blink for the second digit. The flash codes are two digit representations of SAE (J1587) CID-FMI diagnostic codes (which provide more detail to aid in troubleshooting). Flash codes should only be used to determine the general problem and not for explicit troubleshooting because several diagnostic codes are represented by a single flash code.Using ECAP To Display Active Or Logged Diagnostic Codes
1. Connect an ECAP and Communication Adapter Tool to the Service Tool connector.2. Turn the keyswitch to the ON position, engine OFF.3. Select the Display Diagnostics/Events option from the menu.4. Each diagnostic code CID and FMI are listed on the left and followed