0510286 JOHNSON SCREW,Phillips head

Engine Design
Cylinder And Valve LocationBore for 3176C ... 125.0 mm (4.92 in)Bore for 3196 ... 130.0 mm (5.12 in)Stroke for 3176C ... 140.0 mm (5.51 in)Stroke for 3196 ... 150.0 mm (5.91 in)Cylinder Arrangement ... In-LineValves per Cylinder ... 4Valve Lash Setting Inlet ... 0.38 mm (.015 in)Exhaust ... 0.64 mm (.025 in)Type of Combustion ... Direct InjectionFiring Order: ... 1,5,3,6,2,4Direction of Crankshaft Rotation (when viewed from flywheel end) ... Counterclockwise Front end of engine is opposite the flywheel end. Left side and right side of engine are as viewed from flywheel end. No. 1 cylinder is the front cylinder.General Information
The engines are electronically controlled mechanically actuated unit injector diesel engines. The 3176C engine is an in-line 6 cylinder arrangement with a bore of 125.0 mm (4.92 in) and a stroke of 140.0 mm (5.51 in) giving a total displacement of 10.31 liter (644 cu in). The 3196 engine is an in-line 6 cylinder arrangement with a bore of 130.0 mm (5.12 in) and a stroke of 150.0 mm (5.91 in) giving a total displacement of 11.95 L (747 cu in). The engine as configured is for air-to-air aftercooling. It is a low profile arrangement with the exhaust and inlet manifolds on the right hand side.The unit injector system eliminates many of the mechanical components of a "pump-in-line" system. It also provides increased control of timing and fuel/air ratio control. Timing advance is achieved by precise control of injector timing. Engine rpm is controlled by adjusting the injection duration. A special pulse wheel provides information to the electronic control module for detection of cylinder position and engine rpm.The engine has built-in diagnostics to insure that all components are operating properly. In the event of a system component failure, the operator will be alerted to the condition via the dashboard mounted "check engine" light. A Caterpillar service tool can be used to read the numerical code of the faulty component or condition, or the cruise control switches can be used to "flash" the code on the dash mounted "check engine" light. Intermittent faults are "logged" and stored in memory.Starting The Engine
The ECM will automatically provide the correct amount of fuel to start the engine. Do not hold the throttle down while cranking the engine. At temperatures below 0°C (32°F), it may be necessary to spray starting fluid into the air cleaner inlet. If the engine fails to start in 30 seconds, release the starter switch. Allow the starting motor to cool for two minutes before using it again.
Excessive ether (starting fluid) can cause piston and ring damage. Use ether for cold weather starting purposes only.
Cold Mode Operation
The engine control system performs a cold start strategy for the correct warm up time after a cold engine start [approximately less than 17°C (63°F)]. Once activated this "cold start" strategy (known as "cold mode") will increase the idle rpm to 800 rpm, until the coolant temperature rises above 28°C (82°F), or until the engine has been running for 12 minutes. It also varies fuel injection amount and timing for maximum startup and white smoke control. The time needed for the engine to reach the normal mode of operation is usually less than the time taken for a walk-around-inspection of the vehicle.
A vehicle equipped with a 3176C or 3196 Engine should not be moved until it is out of the cold mode. If the vehicle is operated while in cold mode, power will be noticeably reduced.
After cold mode is completed, the engine should be operated at low rpm until normal operating temperature is reached. The engine will reach normal operating temperature faster when driven at low rpm and low power demand than when idled at no load.Customer Specified Parameters
The engine is capable of being programmed for several customer specified parameters. For a complete list of the customer specified parameters see the topic: Electronic Control Module (ECM), and Personality Module. For a brief explanation of each of the customer specified parameters, see the Operation and Maintenance Manual.Glossary Of Electronic Control Terms
ATA (American Trucking Association) Data LinkAn electrical connection for communication with other microprocessor based devices that are compatible with the American Trucking Association and SAE Standards (J1587 and J1708) such as trip recorders, electronic dashboards, and maintenance systems. The Data Link is also the communication medium used for programming and troubleshooting with Caterpillar devices.After Market DeviceAs used here, a device or accessory installed by the customer or machine OEM after the engine is delivered.Air-To-Air Aftercooler (ATAAC)A means of cooling inlet air after the turbocharger, using ambient air for cooling. The inlet air is passed through an aftercooler (heat exchanger) mounted in front of the radiator before going to the inlet manifold.Alternating Current (AC)The direction of current flow changes (alternates) regularly and constantly.American Wire Gauge (AWG)A measure of the diameter (and therefore the current carrying ability) of electrical wire. The smaller the AWG number, the larger the wire.Atmospheric Pressure SensorThis sensor measures atmospheric air pressure in the crankcase and sends a signal to the ECM.Before Top Center (BTC)The 180 degrees of crankshaft rotation before the piston reaches Top Center (normal direction of rotation).Boost Pressure SensorThis sensor measures inlet manifold air pressure and sends a signal to the ECM.Bypass CircuitA circuit, usually temporary, to substitute for an existing circuit, typically for test purposes.CalibrationAs used here, is an electronic adjustment of a sensor signal. Caterpillar Engine MonitoringThe part of the Caterpillar Electronic Engine Control that monitors Coolant Temperature, Oil Pressure, Inlet Manifold Air Temperature and Coolant Level to flag the operator of detected problems. The Coolant Temperature, Inlet Manifold Air Temperature, and Oil Pressure Sensors are supplied by Caterpillar and monitored by the ECM. The Coolant Level Sensor is OEM installed, but still monitored by the ECM. This is opposed to an after market Engine Monitoring System which does not interface with the Caterpillar Electronic Engine Control.Check Engine LampSometimes referred to as the "Diagnostic Lamp", it is used to warn the operator of the presence of