0309583 JOHNSON WASHER,Seal

Air Starting
1. Place the marine gear in NEUTRAL.2. Move the throttle to LOW IDLE engine speed.3. Open and close the drain valve on the bottom of the air tank to drain condensation and oil overflow.4. Check the air supply pressure. The air starter must have 690 kPa (100 psi) to operate properly. 5. Check the oil level in the air lubricator. Keep jar at least half full. Add oil if necessary. See the "Lubricant Viscosities" for the proper oil to use. 6. Move toggle switch (1) to the ON position and push the air control valve (2) in, to crank the engine. As soon as the engine starts, release the valve; or ... ... push in the oil pressure lockout knob (3) and hold. Push air control valve knob (4) in to crank the engine. As soon as the engine starts, release air control valve knob (4) and oil pressure lockout knob (3).Electric Starting Engine
Engine Starting Above +10°C (+50°F)
1. Place the marine transmission lever in NEUTRAL.2. Move the throttle to LOW IDLE engine speed. 3. Turn the starter switch to START or move toggle switch (1) to the ON position. Press button (2) to START. If the engine does not start after 10 seconds, move the fuel shutoff lever to shut off the fuel; then continue to crank for 10 seconds. This will clear the cylinders of fuel.4. As soon as the engine starts, be sure oil pressure registers on the gauge; allow the engine to idle for three to five minutes, or until the water temperature gauge has begun to rise.5. Do not apply load to the engine or increase engine speed until the oil pressure gauge indicates at least normal pressure.6. Operate the engine at low load until all systems reach operating temperatures. Check all gauges during the warm-up period.Engine Starting Below +10°C (+50°F)
Ether is poisonous and flammable.Breathing ether vapors or repeated contact of ether with skin can cause personal injury.Use ether only in well-ventilated areas.Use ether with care to avoid fires.Do not smoke while changing ether cylinders.Do not store ether cylinders in the operator's compartment or living areas.Do not store ether cylinders in direct sunlight or at temperatures above 39°C (102°F).Discard ether cylinders properly. Do not puncture or burn ether cylinders.Keep ether cylinders out of the reach of unauthorized personnel.
Do not use excessive starting fluid during starting or after the engine is running.Inject starting aid (ether), ONLY while cranking the engine to avoid engine damage.Do not crank the engine for more than 30 seconds. Allow two minutes for the starter motor to cool before cranking again.If oil pressure does not rise within 15 seconds after the engine starts, stop the engine and make necessary corrections.
Heating of jacket water and crankcase oil, use of starting aid fluid and/or use of extra battery capacity may be required to assist starting in cold temperatures.1. Depress ether switch (if equipped), and hold for three seconds, then release. If not equipped with an ether switch, spray ether directly into the intake.2. Turn the start switch to the START position.3. Begin cranking the engine, and depress ether switch and hold for three seconds, then release.Additional injections of ether may be required to start and/or achieve low idle speed.4. Release the start switch when the engine starts.5. Do not apply load to the engine or increase engine speed until oil pressure gauge indicates normal and all temperature gauges reach operating temperature. Check all gauges during the warm-up period. Turn the battery disconnect switch (if equipped) OFF after the engine is stopped to prevent battery discharge while starter motor is cooling.For temperatures below -23°C (-10°F), consult your Caterpillar dealer or refer to the "Cold Weather Recommendations Operation and Maintenance Manual," form SEBU5898, available from your Caterpillar dealer.Cold Weather Starting Aids
For starting below -18°C (0°F), use of optional cold weather starting aids are recommended. A coolant heater or extra battery capacity may be required.Starting From External Electrical Source
Batteries give off flammable fumes that can explode resulting in personal injury.Prevent sparks near the batteries. They could cause vapors to explode. Do not allow jump cable ends to contact each other or the machine.Do not smoke when checking battery electrolyte levels.Electrolyte is an acid and can cause personal injury if it contacts skin or eyes.Always wear eye protection when starting an engine with jump cables.Improper jump procedures can cause an explosion resulting in personal injury.Always connect the battery positive (+) to battery positive (+) and the battery negative (-) to battery negative (-).Jump only with a battery source and with the same voltage as the stalled machine.Turn off all lights and accessories on the stalled machine. Otherwise, they will operate when the jump source is connected.
Before attaching the jumper cables, move starter switch to the OFF position.When using jumper cables, be sure to connect in parallel: NEGATIVE (-) to NEGATIVE (-) and POSITIVE (+) to POSITIVE (+).Do not allow the free ends of jumper cables to touch the engine. This helps avoid sparks.This engine has either a 12 or a 24 Volt starting system. Use only equal voltage for jump starting. The use of a welder or higher voltage will damage the electrical system.
1. Connect one end of cable to the POSITIVE (+) (ungrounded) terminal of the battery of the engine. Connect the other end to the POSITIVE (+) terminal of the power source.2. Connect one end of the second cable to the NEGATIVE (-) terminal of the power source. Connect the other end to the starter ground terminal of the engine.3. Start the engine after making sure the marine transmission is in NEUTRAL.4. Disconnect the cable from the starter ground terminal first. Disconnect the other end from the NEGATIVE (-) terminal of the power source. Disconnect the cable from the POSITIVE (+) terminal of the battery. Disconnect the other end from the POSITIVE (+) terminal of the power source.
Engines installed without engine-to-frame mounting rail ground straps can be damaged by electrical discharge.
To prevent electrical discharge damage, check to make sure the engine's electrical system has