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Illustration 1 g02027420
Right side view of the engine (1) Open crankcase ventilation (OCV) filter (2) Tertiary fuel filter (3) Secondary fuel filter (4) Primary fuel filter and water separator (5) Engine oil filters (6) NOx Reduction System (NRS) cooler (7) NRS air lines (8) Turbocharger
Illustration 2 g02063153
Left side view of the engine (6) NRS exhaust cooler (7) NRS air lines (8) Turbocharger (9) NRS exhaust valve (10) Electronic control module (ECM)The C27 and C32 engines utilize a Mechanical Electronic Unit Injector (MEUI) fuel system. Electronic control and mechanical actuation provide increased control of the timing and increased control of the fuel injection pressure. The timing advance is achieved by precise control of the unit injector timing. Engine speed is controlled by adjusting the injection duration. A special speed-timing wheel provides information to the Electronic Control Module (ECM) for detection of cylinder position and engine speed.These engines are also equipped with an NRS system, which recirculates a portion of cooled exhaust gas into the combustion chamber. The amount of exhaust gas that is recirculated depends on the following conditions: exhaust gas temperature and engine loadThe advancements in technology offer the following benefits: enhanced engine efficiency, reduced smoke levels and lower exhaust emissions.The engine has built-in diagnostics in order to ensure that all of the components are operating properly. In the event of a system component failure, the operator will be alerted to the condition via the diagnostic lamp that is located on the control panel. Caterpillar Electronic Technician (Cat ET) can be used to read the numerical code of the faulty component or condition. Intermittent faults are also logged and stored in memory.Starting the Engine
The engine ECM will automatically provide the correct amount of fuel in order to start the engine. Do not hold the throttle down while the engine is cranking. If the engine fails to start in 20 seconds, release the starting switch. Allow the starting motor to cool for 2 minutes before using the starting motor again.
Excessive ether (starting fluid) can cause piston and ring damage. Use ether for cold weather starting purposes only.
Cold Mode Operation
Starting the engine and operation in cold weather is dependent on the type of fuel used, the oil viscosity, and other optional starting aids. For more information, refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Cold Weather Operation".The Cold Mode flag in Caterpillar Electronic Technician (ET) indicates that the engine system is compensating with a cold mode strategy.Some examples of a cold mode strategy may include:
Elevated RPM
Timing enhancements
Fuel injection enhancementsTroubleshooting performance-related problems when the Cold Mode flag is active is not recommended.The Cold Mode flag will activate in the following conditions:
Coolant temperature is less than 20° C (68° F)
Coolant temperature is less than 40° C (104° F) and NRS gas temperature is less than 40° C (104° F)
Coolant temperature is less than 80° C (176° F) and NRS gas temperature is less than 35° C (95° F)Once coolant temperature is above 80° C (176° F) regardless of NRS gas temperature, no cold mode strategy will be active.Customer Specified Parameters
The engine can be programmed for several customer specified parameters. For a brief explanation of each of the customer specified parameters, refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual for your engine.