0552783 JOHNSON WASHER,Detent

Illustration 1 g01325275
Schematic diagram of the fuel system
(1) Fuel injection pump
(2) Electronic Control Module (ECM)
(3) Voltage Load Protection Module (VLPM)
(4) Diagnostic connector
(5) Electronic service tool
(6) 36 -1 tooth crankshaft gear
(7) Speed/timing sensor
(8) Intake manifold pressure sensor
(9) Engine oil pressure sensor
(10) Intake manifold air temperature sensor
(11) Engine coolant temperature sensor
(12) Machine interface connector The 3054E and 3056E engines were designed for electronic control. The engines include an Electronic Control Module (ECM), a fuel injection pump that is electronically controlled, and various engine sensors. The ECM controls the engine operating parameters through the software within the ECM and the inputs from the sensors. The software contains parameters that control the engine operation. The parameters include all of the operating maps and customer selected parameters.The electronic system consists of the Electronic Control Module (ECM), the engine sensors, and the Machine Interface Connector (MIC). The ECM is the computer. The flash file is the software for the computer. The flash file contains the operating maps. The operating maps define the following characteristics of the engine:
Torque curves
Engine speed (rpm)
Fuel injection timingElectronic Controls
Illustration 2 g01292628
Schematic diagram of the fuel pump
(1) Pressure regulator
(2) Electronic control module (ECM)
(3) Cam ring
(4) Speed/timing sensor
(5) Electronic control unit for the fuel injection pump
(6) Fuel lift pump
(7) Fuel solenoid valve
(8) Distributor plunger
(9) Fuel injector
(10) Fuel transfer pump
(11) Timing solenoid valve
(12) Timing advance mechanism
(13) Roller
(14) Cam plate
(15) Delivery valve Engine Governor
The ECM controls the injection timing and the amount of fuel that is delivered to the cylinders. The amount of fuel that is delivered by the fuel injection pump is based on the actual conditions and the desired conditions at any given time.The governor compares the desired engine speed to the actual engine speed. The actual engine speed is determined through the primary speed/timing sensor and the secondary speed/timing sensor. If the desired engine speed is greater than the actual engine speed, the governor injects more fuel in order to increase engine speed. If the actual engine speed is greater than the desired engine speed, the governor reduces the amount of fuel that is supplied to the injectors in order to reduce engine speed.Timing Considerations
Once the governor has calculated the amount of fuel that is required, the governor must determine the timing of the fuel injection. Fuel injection timing is controlled by the ECM after calculating inputs from the following components:
Engine coolant temperature sensor
The sensor for the intake manifold air temperature
The sensor for the intake manifold pressure
Speed/timing sensorAt start-up, the ECM determines the top center position of the number 1 cylinder from the speed/timing sensor in the fuel injection pump. The ECM calculates the time when fuel injection should occur relative to the top center position. The ECM provides the signal to the fuel solenoid valve in the fuel injection pump which stops fuel flow to the low pressure side. The fuel injection pump then forces fuel to flow to the fuel injectors at the desired time. The ECM adjusts timing for the best engine performance, the best fuel economy and the best control of exhaust emissions.Fuel Injection
The flash file in the ECM sets certain limits on the amount of fuel that can be injected. The FRC Limit is a limit that is based on intake manifold pressure and engine speed. The FRC Limit is used to control the air/fuel ratio in order to control the engine's exhaust emissions. When the ECM senses a higher intake manifold pressure, the ECM increases the FRC Limit. A higher intake manifold pressure indicates that there is more air in the cylinder. When the ECM increases the FRC Limit, the ECM allows more fuel into the cylinder.The Rated Fuel Limit is a limit that is based on the power rating of the engine and on the engine speed. The Rated Fuel Limit enables the engine power and torque outputs to conform to the power and torque curves of a specific engine model.These limits are in the flash file and these limits cannot be changed.Diagnostic Codes
When the ECM detects an electronic system fault, the ECM generates a diagnostic code. Also, the ECM logs the diagnostic code in order to indicate the time of the occurrence of the fault. The ECM also logs the number of occurrences of the fault. Diagnostic codes are provided in order to indicate that the ECM has detected an electrical fault or an electronic fault with the engine control system. In some cases, the engine performance can be affected when the condition that is causing the code exists.If the operator indicates that a performance problem has occurred, the diagnostic code may indicate the cause of the fault. Use the electronic service tool to access the diagnostic codes. The fault should then be corrected.Event Codes
Event Codes are used to indicate that the ECM has detected an abnormal engine operating condition. The ECM will log the occurrence of the event code. This does not indicate an electrical malfunction or an electronic malfunction. For example, if the temperature of the coolant in the engine is higher than the permitted limit, then the ECM will detect the condition. The ECM will then log an event code for the condition.Programmable Parameters
Certain parameters that affect the engine operation may be changed with the electronic service tool. The parameters are stored in the ECM and certain parameters are protected from unauthorized changes by passwords. These parameters are System Configuration Parameters.System Configuration Parameters are set at the factory. System Configuration Parameters can affect emissions or power ratings within the engine. Factory passwords must be obtained and factory passwords must be used to change the System Configuration Parameters.Passwords
Certain System Configuration Parameters can be protected by factory passwords. Factory passwords are calculated on a computer system that is available only to Caterpillar dealers. Since factory passwords contain alphabetic characters, only an electronic service tool may change System Configuration Parameters. System Configuration Parameters can affect the power rating or the emissions.Refer to Troubleshooting, "Programming Parameters" and Troubleshooting, "Factory Passwords".