16053 Mercury KEY, CRANKSHAFT

Fuel System
2301A Electric Governor
Refer to 2301A Electric Governor Service Manual, SENR4676 for additional information.The 2301A Electric Governor Control System consists of the components that follow: 2301A Electric Governor Control (EGC), actuator, Magnetic Pickup.
2301A Electric Governor Control (EGC)The 2301A Electric Governor System gives precision engine speed control. The 2301A control measures engine speed constantly and makes necessary corrections to the engine fuel setting through an actuator connected to the fuel system.
(Typical Illustration) Magnetic Pickup Location
(1) Magnetic pickup. (2) Flywheel housing.The engine speed is felt by a magnetic pickup. This pickup makes an AC voltage that is sent to the 2301A Control. The 2301A Control now sends a DC voltage signal to the actuator.
EG3P Actuator
(3) Actuator. (4) Actuator lever.The actuator changes the electrical input from the 2301A Control to a mechanical output that is connected to the fuel system by linkage. For example, if the engine speed is more than the speed setting, the 2301A Control will decrease its output and the actuator will now move the linkage to decrease the fuel to the engine.Magnetic Pickup
Schematic Of Magnetic Pickup
(1) Magnetic lines of force. (2) Wire coils. (3) Gap. (4) Pole piece. (5) Flywheel ring gear.The magnetic pickup is a single pole, permanent magnet generator made of wire coils (2) around a permanent magnet pole piece (4). As the teeth of the flywheel ring gear (5) cut through the magnetic lines of force (1) around the pickup, an AC voltage is generated. The frequency of this voltage is directly proportional to engine speed.This engine speed frequency signal (AC) is sent to the 2301A Control Box where a conversion is made to DC voltage. The DC signal is now sent on to control the actuator, and this voltage is inversely proportional to engine speed. This means that if engine speed increases, the voltage output to the actuator decreases. When engine speed decreases, the voltage output to the actuator increases.Woodward PSG Governor
Typical Example Schematic Of PSG Governor
(1) Return spring. (2) Output shaft. (3) Output shaft lever. (4) Strut assembly. (5) Speeder spring. (6) Power piston. (7) Flyweights. (8) Needle valve. (9) Thrust bearing. (10) Pilot valve compensating land. (11) Buffer piston. (12) Pilot valve. (13) Pilot valve bushing. (14) Control ports. (A) Chamber. (B) Chamber.Introduction
The Woodward PSG (Pressure compensated Simple Governor) can operate as an isochronous or a speed droop type governor. It uses engine lubrication oil, increased to a pressure of 1200 kPa (175 psi) by a gear type pump inside the governor, to give hydra/mechanical speed control.Pilot Valve Operation
The governor is driven by the governor drive unit. This unit turns pilot valve bushing (13) clockwise as seen from the drive unit end of the governor. The pilot valve bushing is connected to a spring driven ballhead. Flyweights (7) are fastened to the ballhead by pivot pins. The centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the pilot valve bushing causes the flyweights to pivot out. This action of the flyweights changes the centrifugal force to axial force against speeder spring (5). There is a thrust bearing (9) between the toes of the flyweights and the seat for the speeder spring. Pilot valve (12) is fastened to the seat for the speeder spring. Movement of the pilot valve is controlled by the action of the flyweights against the force of the speeder spring.The engine is at the governed (desired) rpm when the axial force of the flyweights is the same as the force of compression in the speeder spring. The flyweights will be in the position shown. Control ports (14) will be closed by the pilot valve.Fuel Increase
PSG Governor Installed
(2) Output shaft. (15) Carburetor control linkage.When the force of compression in the speeder spring increases (operator increases desired rpm) or the axial force of the flyweights decreases (load on the engine increases) the pilot valve will move in the direction of the drive unit. This opens control ports (14). Pressure oil flows through a passage in the base to chamber (B). The increased pressure in chamber (B) causes power piston (6) to move.The power piston pushes strut assembly (4), that is connected to output shaft lever (3). The action of the output shaft lever causes counterclockwise rotation of output shaft (2). This moves carburetor control linkage (15) in the THROTTLE OPENED direction.As the power piston moves in the direction of return spring (1) the volume of chamber (A) increases. The pressure in chamber (A) decreases. This pulls the oil from the chamber inside the power piston, above buffer piston (11) into chamber (A). As the oil moves out from above buffer piston (11) to fill chamber (A) the buffer piston moves up in the bore of the power piston. Chambers (A and B) are connected respectively to the chambers above and below the pilot valve compensating land (10). The pressure difference felt by the pilot valve compensating land adds to the axial force of the flyweights to move the pilot valve up and close the control ports. When the flow of pressure oil to chamber (B) stops so does the movement of the fuel control linkage.Fuel Decrease
When the force of compression in the speeder spring decreases (operator decreases desired rpm) or the axial force of the flyweights increases (load on the engine decreases) the pilot valve will move in the direction of speeder spring (5). This opens control ports (14). Oil from chamber (B) and pressure oil from the pump will dump through the end of the pilot valve bushing. The decreased pressure in chamber (B) will let the power piston move in the direction of the drive unit. Return spring (1) pushes against strut assembly (4). This moves output shaft lever (3). The action of the output shaft lever causes clockwise rotation of output shaft (2). This moves carburetor control linkage (15) in the THROTTLE CLOSED direction.Speed Adjustment
PSG Electric Governor
(1) Synchronizing motor. (2) Clutch assembly. (3) Link assembly. (4) Speeder spring. (5) Pilot valve.On electric PSG governors, speed adjustments are made by a 24V DC reversible synchronizing motor (1). The motor is