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Diesel Engine Oil
Cat Diesel Engine Oil (Cat DEO)
Cat oils have been developed and tested in order to provide the full performance and service life that has been designed and built into Cat engines. Cat oils are currently used to fill Cat Diesel Engines at the factory. These oils are offered by Cat dealers for continued use when the engine oil is changed. Consult your Cat dealer for more information on these oils.Due to significant variations in the quality and in the performance of commercially available oils, Caterpillar makes the following recommendations:Note: Cat DEO and Cat DEO-ULS multigrade oils are the preferred oils for use in this Cat Diesel Engine.
Table 1
Commercial Lubricants Cat Lubricants Viscosity Grade
Diesel Engine Oil-Ultra Low Sulfur (API CJ-4) Cat DEO - ULS SAE 15W-40
SAE 10W-30
Cat DEO - ULS SYN SAE 5W-40
Cat DEO Cold Weather SAE 0W-40
Diesel Engine Oil (API CI-4/CI-4 PLUS and API CH-4) Cat DEO SAE 15W-40
SAE 10W-30 Engines which are Certified to US Marine Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Tier 3 Regulations
An engine certified to US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Marine Tier 3 regulations which is installed in a US flagged vessel must use ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel (ULSD fuel) as defined by 40 CFR part 80.510(c). When an engine is not installed in a US flagged vessel, refer to applicable local or International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations for fuel requirements.
Caterpillar recommends the use of Cat DEO-ULS for engines that use ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel (ULSD fuel) or sulfur-free diesel fuel. Cat DEO-ULS has the proper amount of lubricity for engines using ULSD. The use of engine oil that meets Cat Engine Crankcase Fluid specifications (Cat ECF-3) specifications is acceptable. Refer to this article "Commercial Oil" for more information.Engines which are Not Certified to US Marine EPA Tier 3 Regulations
CatDEO is recommended for engines using fuels of sulfur levels that exceed 0.2 percent (> 2000 ppm (mg/kg) ). Cat DEO-ULS may be used in these applications if an oil analysis program is followed. The oil change interval may be affected by the fuel sulfur level. Refer to this Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Engine Oil Sample - Obtain" for more information about the Cat S O S Oil Sampling program. Commercial Oil
Note: Non-Cat commercial oils are, as a group, second choice oils. Within this grouping of second choice oils there are tiered levels of performance.
Caterpillar does not warrant the quality or performance of non-Cat fluids.
The three current Caterpillar ECF specifications are: Cat ECF-1-a, Cat ECF-2 and Cat ECF-3. Each higher Cat ECF specification provides increased performance over lower Cat ECF specifications.A commercial oil must meet the following standards to be considered an equivalent of a Cat diesel engine oil:
Table 2
Cat Engine Crankcase Fluids (ECF) Definitions
Cat Performance Requirement API Oil Category
Cat ECF-3 API CJ-4 Oil Category performance requirements
Cat ECF-2 API CI-4 / CI-4 PLUS Oil Category performance requirements and
Passing standard Cat C13 engine test per API requirements and
Oils of sulfated ash > 1.50 percent are not allowed
Cat ECF-1-a API CH-4 Oil Category performance requirements and
For oils that are between 1.30 percent and 1.50 percent sulfated ash, passing one additional Cat 1P SCOTE test ("ASTM D6681") is required and
Oils of sulfated ash > 1.50 percent are not allowed
Engines which are Certified to US Marine Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Tier 3 Regulations
If an engine which is certified to US Marine EPA Tier 3 Regulations is installed on a US flagged vessel and is not using Cat DEO-ULS, Caterpillar recommends the use of an oil that meets the following standards: Cat ECF-3 specification and API CJ-4 oil category.Lubricant Viscosity
In selecting oil for any engine application, both of the following must be satisfied: the oil viscosity and the category of oil performance or the specification for oil performance . Using only one of these parameters will not sufficiently define oil for an engine application.The proper SAE viscosity grade of oil is determined by the following temperatures: minimum ambient temperature during cold engine start-up and maximum ambient temperature during engine operation. Refer to Table 3 (minimum temperature) in order to determine the required oil viscosity for starting a cold engine.Refer to Table 3 (maximum temperature) in order to select the oil viscosity for engine operation at the highest ambient temperature that is anticipated.Note: Generally, use the highest oil viscosity that is available to meet the requirement for the temperature at start-up.
Table 3
Lubricant Viscosities for Ambient Temperatures for Cat Diesel Engines
Oil Type and Performance Requirements Viscosity Grade °C °F
Min Max Min Max
Cat Cold Weather DEO-ULS SAE 0W-40 −40 40 −40 104
Cat DEO-ULS SYN SAE 5W-40 −30 50