3888816 Volvo.Penta Anode kit, aluminum

Electronic System
The Caterpillar Electronic System is a complete electronic control system for gas engines. The following benefits are the most significant advantages of the electronic system:
Air/Fuel ratio control
Extensive system diagnostics
Elimination of parts that are prone to mechanical wear
Precise control of engine operation
Engine protection
Timing control of individual cylindersMost of the functions of the electronic system are provided by the Electronic Control Module (ECM). Five primary functions are supported by the ECM:
Governing of the engine rpm
Control of ignition
Control of the air/fuel ratio
Start/stop control
Monitoring of engine operationGoverning of the Engine RPM
The ECM maintains the desired engine speed through electrical control of the actuator. The throttle regulates the throttle plate.For more information on the desired speed input, see the Systems Operation/Testing and Adjusting manual.Control of Ignition
Each cylinder has an ignition transformer that is located under the valve cover. To initiate combustion in each cylinder, the ECM sends a pulse to the primary coil of the ignition transformer. The transformer increases the voltage which creates a spark across the spark plug electrode.The transformers are grounded through the valve cover. Use caution when a valve cover is removed.Always disconnect the ignition harness from the transformer when a valve cover is removed.An ignition harness connects each transformer to the ECM. The harness is routed inside the engine.Control of Air and Fuel
The ECM determines the desired volume for the flow rates of the air and fuel. The ECM fine tunes the signal to the fuel metering valve in order to achieve the desired emissions. The process is repeated continuously during engine operation.Start/Stop Control
The ECM contains the logic and the outputs for controlling the starting and stopping of the engine. The logic for starting and stopping can be programmed by the customer.The engine uses an energize-to-run system. The gas shutoff valve must remain energized in order to supply fuel to the engine. If power is removed from the gas shutoff valve, the fuel is shut off.Monitoring Engine Operation
Sensors are used in order to monitor engine operation. Wiring harnesses connect the sensors to the ECM. The ECM uses information from the sensors in order to monitor the engine. The ECM also uses information from the sensors in order to control the engine. The information is also used to generate event codes, and diagnostic codes.Note: The codes can be read with Caterpillar Electronic Technician (ET). The codes can also be read on the Advisor monitor display, if equipped.Event - An event is a result of abnormal engine operation. If abnormal engine operation is detected, the ECM generates an event code. The ECM can generate an alarm or a shutdown for abnormal engine operation. These conditions are some examples of events: high inlet air temperature, low oil pressure and engine overspeed.Diagnostic - A diagnostic code is a result of a problem with the operating system or with the monitoring system. The ECM uses sensors and internal circuitry to monitor the system components. If a problem develops in a component or a wiring harness, the control system will sense the problem. The control system will notify the operator by creating a diagnostic code. Some examples of conditions that activate diagnostics are a short in a circuit for a sensor, an open circuit, or a noisy signal.Note: For detailed information on event codes and diagnostic codes, refer to the engine's Troubleshooting manual.Sensors
Sensors provide information to the engine interface box and the engine control module. The information enables the module to control the engine as efficiently as possible over a wide range of operating conditions. The information is used for monitoring engine operation via gauges and indicators on the engine interface box.The sensors also enable the activation of alarms and shutoffs in response to abnormal operation.Air Inlet Temperature
A probe for monitoring the air inlet temperature is located in the air inlet manifold. No adjustment can be made to the temperature range. Excessive inlet air temperature can activate an alarm or a shutdown.Detonation
Illustration 1 g01255077
Detonation sensor
The detonation sensors monitor the engine for detonation. One sensor is mounted in the center of each cylinder bank. The sensor produces a voltage signal that is proportional to the engine detonation. This information is processed by the engine control module in order to determine detonation levels. To eliminate detonation, the engine control module retards the engine timing, if necessary. If excessive detonation continues, the engine control module will shut down the engine.Engine Oil Pressure
Illustration 2 g01255244
(1) Oil pressure sensor for unfiltered oil
(2) Oil pressure sensor for filtered oil
(3) Oil filter housing There are two engine oil pressure sensors. The sensors are located on the top of the oil filter housing. One of the sensors measures the unfiltered oil pressure. The other sensor measures the filtered oil pressure. Low oil pressure will cause a shutdown. High differential oil pressure will also cause a shutdown.Engine Speed/Timing
Illustration 3 g00309907
Engine speed/timing sensor
The engine speed/timing sensor provides accurate information about the speed of the crankshaft and the position of the crankshaft. A ring that is mounted on the camshaft provides the information that is detected by the sensor. The engine control module uses the information in order to determine ignition timing. This sensor is also used to detect an overspeed condition.Manifold Air Pressure
Illustration 4 g01255807
Manifold air pressure sensor
The manifold air pressure sensor is located in the inlet elbow for the number two cylinder. The sensor monitors the absolute manifold air pressure. This is the atmospheric pressure plus the gauge pressure. The information is used by the engine control module to determine the engine load. The output of the sensor can be read with the Digital Diagnostic Tool.Water Temperature