959083 Volvo.Penta Ball stud

Truck Engines. Some of the terms are only applicable to certain engines.A/C High Pressure Switch - The A/C high pressure switch senses refrigerant pressure in the air conditioning system. The A/C high pressure switch opens the electrical contacts and the A/C high pressure switch closes the electrical contacts. The opening and closing of the electrical contacts depends on the pressure in the system. The electrical contacts control the cooling fan. This switch may be connected to the ECM in some applications.Accelerator Pedal Position - The accelerator pedal position is the interpretation by the ECM of the signal from the accelerator pedal position sensor.Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor - The accelerator pedal position sensor is an electronic sensor that is connected to the accelerator pedal. The accelerator pedal position sensor sends a Pulse Width Modulated signal to the ECM.Active Diagnostic Code - An active diagnostic code describes a condition that is currently present in order to alert the driver or the service technician of an abnormal parameter of engine operation. Refer to a Diagnostic Fault Code.Aftermarket Device - An aftermarket device is a device or an accessory that is installed by the customer after the vehicle is delivered.Air-To-Air Aftercooler - An air-to-air aftercooler is a device that is used on turbocharged engines in order to cool inlet air that has undergone compression. The inlet air is cooled after the inlet air passes through the turbocharger. The inlet air is passed through an aftercooler (heat exchanger) that uses ambient air for cooling. The inlet air that has been cooled advances to the inlet manifold.Alternating Current (AC) - Alternating current is an electric current that reverses direction at a regular interval that is reoccurring.American Wire Gauge (AWG) - AWG is a measure of the diameter of electrical wire. AWG is also a measure of the current carrying capacity of electrical wire. When the AWG number is smaller, the diameter of the wire is larger. When the AWG number is larger, the diameter of the wire is smaller.Analog Sensors - Analog sensors produce a DC output signal. The sensors detect changes in temperature or pressure. The change is converted by the sensor to an electrical signal.Analog Sensor Return - The common line (ground) for the analog sensor from the ECM is used as a ground for the analog sensors.Analog Sensor Supply - The ECM supplies power to the analog sensors and the power supply is +5 VDC.Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) - An anti-lock brake system is a brake system that attempts to reduce a skid during brake operation. A power train electronic control can turn off the engine retarder, if necessary. Also, a power train electronic control can signal the engine ECM to deactivate the engine retarder.ATA Data Link (American Trucking Association) - The ATA data link is a two wire electrical connection for communication with other microprocessor based devices. These devices are compatible with Standards for the American Trucking Association and Standards for the SAE (J1587 and J1708) such as trip recorders, electronic dashboards, power train controls, and maintenance systems. The data link is also the serial communication medium that is used for programming and troubleshooting Caterpillar truck engines.Atmospheric Pressure Sensor - The atmospheric pressure sensor measures barometric pressure. The sensor sends a signal to the Engine Control Module (ECM). The signal is used in engine control and in engine operation.Auxiliary Pressure Sensor - This sensor is an additional pressure sensor that is installed by the engine owner.Auxiliary Retarder Relay - The brakes' solenoids are driven by an OEM installed relay, which is driven by the ECM.Auxiliary Temperature Sensor - This sensor is an additional temperature sensor that is installed by the engine owner.Before Top Center (BTC) - BTC is the 180 degrees of crankshaft rotation before the piston reaches the top center position in the normal direction of rotation.Boost - The difference between the turbocharger outlet pressure and the atmospheric pressure is commonly referred to as boost.Boost Pressure Sensor - The boost pressure sensor measures inlet manifold air pressure. The boost pressure sensor sends a signal to the ECM.Bypass Circuit - A bypass circuit is a circuit that is used as a substitute circuit for an existing circuit. A bypass circuit is typically used as a test circuit.Calibration - Calibration is an electronic adjustment of a sensor signal.Caterpillar Driver Information Display (CAT ID) - The Caterpillar Driver Information Display is a digital readout of the performance parameters of the vehicle and performance parameters that are monitored by the ECM.Caterpillar Electronic Technician (Cat ET) - Cat ET is an electronic service tool that uses a software program to run on a personal computer (PC). Cat ET is used to service Caterpillar products. This program has replaced the ECAP tool.Caterpillar Engine Monitoring - Caterpillar Engine Monitoring is the part of the Caterpillar electronic engine control that monitors coolant temperature, oil pressure, inlet manifold air temperature and coolant level. The monitoring alerts the operator of detected problems. Coolant temperature, intake manifold air temperature, and oil pressure sensors are supplied by Caterpillar and monitored by the ECM. The coolant level sensor is installed by the vehicle OEM but still monitored by the ECM. Aftermarket engine monitoring systems do not interface with the Caterpillar electronic engine control.Caterpillar Monitoring System - The Caterpillar Monitoring System is a modular electronic display. The Caterpillar Monitoring System can communicate with the ECM via the CAT Data Link.Check Engine Lamp - The check engine lamp is sometimes referred to as the diagnostic lamp. The check engine lamp is used to alert the operator of the presence of an active event. The lamp then flashes a diagnostic code.Clutch Pedal Position Switch - The switch is typically supplied and installed by the OEM. This switch is typically a limit switch that is mounted near the clutch pedal. The switch is usually adjustable. This switch is in the normally closed position when the clutch pedal is released. Depressing the clutch pedal will open the circuit.Code - Refer to the Diagnostic Fault Code and