3588494 Volvo.Penta Charge air pipe

Electronic Control Circuit Diagram
Illustration 1 g01444477
Electronic control circuit diagramBlock Diagram
Illustration 1 is a block diagram of the control system.
Illustration 2 g01384846
Block diagram (1) Air cleaner (2) Air inlet temperature sensor (3) CGI control group (4) Differential pressure sensor for the CGI system (5) Absolute pressure sensor for the CGI system (6) Temperature sensor for the CGI system (7) CGI cooler (8) Turbocharger outlet temperature sensor (9) Flame detection temperature sensor (10) Flame boundary temperature sensor (11) Ignition coil (12) Spark plug (13) ARD combustion head (14) ARD body (15) DPF (16) Inlet temperature sensor for the particulate trap (17) Differential pressure sensor for the particulate trap (18) Outlet temperature sensor for the particulate trap (19) Variable nozzle turbocharger (20) Turbocharger speed sensor (21) Air pressure control valve (22) Differential pressure sensor for the combustion air supply (23) Pilot fuel pressure sensor (24) Main fuel pressure sensor (25) Pilot fuel control valve (26) Main fuel control valve (27) Fuel enable valve (28) Secondary fuel filter (29) Fuel transfer pump (30) Primary fuel filter (31) Fuel tank (32) Air-to-air aftercooler (33) Coolant temperature sensor (34) Primary speed-timing sensor (top) (35) Secondary speed-timing sensor (bottom) (36) Fuel injectors (37) C9 Cat compression brake (if equipped) (38) Intake manifold pressure sensor (39) Intake manifold air temperature sensor (40) High pressure fuel pump (41) Fuel rail pressure sensor (42) Oil pressure sensor (43) Crankcase pressure sensor (if equipped) (44) ECM (45) Purge valve (46) EngineSystem Operation
Engine Governor
The ECM governs the engine. The ECM determines the timing, the injection pressure, and the amount of fuel that is delivered to each cylinder. These factors are based on the actual conditions and on the desired conditions at any given time during starting and operation.The governor uses the accelerator pedal position sensor to determine the desired engine speed. The governor compares the desired engine speed to the actual engine speed. The actual engine speed is determined through interpretation of the signals that are received by the ECM from the engine speed/timing sensors. If the desired engine speed is greater than the actual engine speed, the governor injects more fuel in order to increase engine speed.
Illustration 3 g01120999
Typical exampleThe desired engine speed is typically determined by one of the following conditions:
The position of the accelerator pedal
The desired vehicle speed in cruise control
The desired engine speed in Power Take-Off (PTO)Timing Considerations
Once the governor has determined the amount of fuel that is required, the governor must determine the timing of the fuel injection. Fuel injection timing is determined by the ECM after considering input from the following components:
Coolant temperature sensor
Intake manifold temperature sensor
Intake manifold pressure sensor
Atmospheric pressureThe ECM adjusts timing for optimum engine performance and for fuel economy. Actual timing and desired timing cannot be viewed with Caterpillar Electronic Technician (ET). The ECM determines the location of top center of the number one cylinder from the signals that are provided by the engine speed/timing sensors. The ECM determines when injection should occur relative to top center. The ECM then provides the signal to the injector at the desired time.Fuel Injection
The ECM sends a high voltage signal to the injector solenoids in order to energize the solenoids. By controlling the timing and the duration of the high voltage signal, the ECM can control the following aspects of injection:
Injection timing
Fuel deliveryThe flash file inside the ECM establishes certain limits on the amount of fuel that can be injected. The "FRC Fuel Limit" is a limit that is based on the intake manifold pressure. The "FRC Fuel Limit" is used to control the air/fuel ratio for control of emissions. When the ECM senses a higher intake manifold pressure, the ECM increases the "FRC Fuel Limit". A higher intake manifold pressure indicates that there is more air in the cylinder. When the ECM increases the "FRC Fuel Limit", the ECM changes the control signal to the injector in order to allow more fuel into the cylinder.The "Rated Fuel Limit" is a limit that is based on the power rating of the engine and on the engine rpm. The "Rated Fuel Limit" is similar to the rack stops and the torque spring on a mechanically governed engine. The "Rated Fuel Limit" provides the power curves and the torque curves for a specific engine family and a specific engine rating. All of these limits are determined at the factory. These limits cannot be changed. Customer Parameters and Engine Speed Governing
A unique feature with electronic engines is customer specified parameters. These parameters allow the vehicle owner to fine tune the ECM for engine operation. Fine tuning the ECM allows the vehicle owner to accommodate the typical usage of the vehicle and the power train of the vehicle.Many of the customer parameters provide additional restrictions on the actions that will be performed by the ECM in response to the driver's input. The "PTO Top Engine Limit" is an engine rpm limit that is used by the ECM to limit the fuel during operation of the PTO. The ECM will not fuel the injectors above this rpm.Some parameters are intended to notify the driver of potential engine damage (engine monitoring parameters). Some parameters enhance fuel economy (vehicle speed, cruise control, engine/gear speed limit parameter and idle shutdown). Other parameters are used to enhance the engine installation into the vehicle. Other parameters are used to provide engine operating information to the truck engine owner.Other ECM Functions for Performance
The ECM also provides enhanced control of the engine for vehicle functions such as retarding the engine and controlling the cooling fan. Refer to Troubleshooting, "Configuration Parameters" for supplemental information about the systems that can be monitored by the ECM in order to provide enhanced vehicle performance, fuel economy and convenience for the driver.ECM Lifetime Totals
The ECM maintains total data of the engine for the following parameters:
"Total Time" (Engine Hours)
"Total Distance"
"PTO Time"
"PTO Fuel"
"Idle Time"
"Idle Fuel"
"Total Fuel"
"Average Load Factor"The "Total Time" is the engine's operating hours. The operating hours do not include the operating time when the ECM is powered but the engine is not running."Total