838778 Volvo.Penta Coolant pipe

Illustration 1 g00281792
Main oil pump and lubrication system schematic (typical example)
(1) Main oil gallery
(2) Camshaft oil gallery
(3) Piston cooling jet gallery
(4) Piston cooling jet gallery
(5) Camshaft oil gallery
(6) Turbocharger oil supply
(7) Sequence valve or priority valve
(8) Sequence valve or priority valve
(9) Adapter
(10) Engine oil filter base
(11) Engine oil cooler
(12) Turbocharger drain line
(13) Engine oil cooler bypass valve
(14) Relief valve
(15) Engine oil pump
(16) Elbow
(17) Suction bell This system uses an engine oil pump (15) with three pump gears. The pump gears are driven by the front gear train. Oil is pulled from the engine oil pan through suction bell (17) and elbow (16) by the engine oil pump. The suction bell has a screen in order to clean the oil.Relief valve (14) is in the engine oil pump. The relief valve (14) controls the pressure of the oil from the engine oil pump. The engine oil pump can put too much oil into the system. When there is too much oil, the engine oil pressure goes up and the relief valve opens. This allows the oil that is not needed to go back to the inlet oil passage of the engine oil pump.The engine oil pump pushes oil through engine oil cooler (11) and through the oil filters to main oil gallery (1) and to camshaft oil gallery (2) in the block. The engine oil cooler lowers the temperature of the oil before the oil is sent to the filters.Engine oil cooler bypass valve (13) allows oil to flow directly to the engine oil filters if the engine oil cooler becomes plugged or if the oil becomes thick enough to increase the oil pressure differential by 180 20 kPa (26 3 psi).
Illustration 2 g00281793
Left side of the engine (typical example)
(10) Engine oil filter base
(19) Engine oil filter bypass valves
(20) Engine oil line
(21) Oil supply
(22) Engine oil filters Engine oil filters (22) are located on the left, front side of the cylinder block. Engine oil filter base (10) also has one engine oil filter bypass valve (19) for each filter.Clean oil from the filters goes through engine oil line (20) and into the block through adapter (9). Part of the oil goes to left camshaft oil gallery (2). The remainder of the oil goes to main oil gallery (1).Camshaft oil gallery (2) and camshaft oil gallery (5) are connected to each camshaft bearing by a drilled hole. The oil goes around each camshaft journal. The oil then travels through the cylinder head and the rocker arm housing to the rocker arm shaft. A drilled hole connects the bores for the valve lifters to the oil hole for the rocker arm shaft. The valve lifters are lubricated at the top of each stroke.Main oil gallery (1) is connected to the main bearings by drilled holes. Drilled holes in the crankshaft connect the main bearing oil supply to the rod bearings. Oil from the rear of the main oil gallery goes to the rear of camshaft oil gallery (5).Sequence valve (7) and sequence valve (8) allow oil from main oil gallery (1) to go to piston cooling jet gallery (3) and to piston cooling jet gallery (4). The sequence valves begin to open at approximately 130 kPa (19 psi). The sequence valves will not allow oil into the piston cooling jet galleries until there is pressure in the main oil gallery. This decreases the amount of time that is necessary for pressure buildup when the engine is started. This also helps hold pressure at idle speed.
Illustration 3 g00281794
Piston cooling and lubrication (typical example)
(18) Piston cooling jet There is a piston cooling jet (18) below each piston. Each piston cooling jet has two openings. One opening is in the direction of a passage in the bottom of the piston. This passage takes oil to a manifold behind the ring band of the piston. A slot (groove) is in the side of both piston pin bores in order to connect with the manifold behind the ring band. The other opening is in the direction of the center of the piston. This helps cool the piston and this lubricates the piston pin.
Illustration 4 g00281795
Left front side of the engine (typical example)
(9) Adapter
(12) Turbocharger drain line Adapter (9) is located at the front of the left cylinder bank. Turbocharger oil supply (6) sends oil from the adapter to the turbochargers. The turbocharger drain line (12) is connected to the camshaft housing covers on each side of the engine.The oil goes back to the engine oil pan after the oil has performed the cooling and the lubrication functions.
Illustration 5 g00281796
Scavenge oil system
(23) Rear oil sump
(24) Scavenge pump This engine also uses a scavenge oil pump to move oil from the rear of the engine oil pan (shallow end) up to the front end. Scavenge pump (24) is a pump that is driven by a gear. The pump picks up oil through a rear oil sump (23).This system is necessary to maintain sufficient oil at main suction bell (17).