20412323 Volvo.Penta Crankshaft

Probable Causes
Active codes and logged codes
Fuel system
Fuel injectorsRecommended Actions
Note: The procedures have been listed in order of probability. Complete the procedures in order.
Table 1
Troubleshooting Test Steps Values Results
1. Active Codes and Logged Codes
A. Establish communication between Caterpillar Electronic Technician (ET) and the Electronic Control Module (ECM) . Refer to Troubleshooting, "Electronic Service Tools", if necessary.
B. Determine if a code is active or logged.
Diagnostic code
Result: A code is active or logged.
Troubleshoot any active codes before continuing with this procedure.
Result: A code is not active or logged.
Proceed to Test Step 2.
2. Check the Fuel System
Refer to Systems Operation/Testing and Adjusting, "Fuel System" for additional information.
A. Visually check the fuel level in the fuel tank. Do not rely on the fuel gauge only.
B. Ensure that the vent in the fuel cap is not filled with debris.
C. Inspect the fuel system for external leaks.
D. Check that there is no air in the clear primary fuel filter. Refer to Systems Operation/Testing and Adjusting, Low-Pressure System - Test.
E. Change the primary fuel filter and the in-line filter for the fuel transfer pump.
F. Check fuel quality. Refer to Testing and Adjusting, Fuel Quality - Test, for the proper procedure. Check the fuel tank for debris or foreign objects which may block the fuel supply.
G. Check for the proper operation of the fuel transfer pump. Replace the pre-filter if excessive contamination or if the maintenance interval is exceeded. Refer to Testing and Adjusting, Low Fuel Pressure System-Test, for test information.
Fuel system
Result: The fuel system is OK.
Proceed to Test Step 3.
Result: The fuel system is not OK.
Replace the fuel filters. Clean the primary filter/water separator of debris. Refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual for details.
3. Fuel Injectors
A. If service has been performed on the engine fuel system recently, verify that the injector trim codes in the Engine ECM match the injector for each cylinder. If injectors were moved between cylinders or if an injector was replaced and the injector trim codes were not updated in the Engine ECM, this can cause an engine miss.
B. Access the "Cylinder Cutout Test" in the "Diagnostic Tests" under the "Diagnostics" menu. Cut out each cylinder one at a time to listen for improvements in the engine. If engine sound improves while cutting out a specific cylinder or cylinders, then check that the injector(s) are working properly by using 440-6907 Injector Kit .
Note: The injector deliver quantity is not a reliable indicator of a failed injector. It is not recommended to use that test in determining if an injector is failed.
Fuel Injectors
Result: If injector(s) trim codes for each cylinder do not match what is in the Engine ECM, then refer to Special Instruction, REHS9707, for the procedure to install the new injector QR codes within the Engine ECM and on-line. Confirm that this resolves the issue.
Result: If injector(s) are found to be defective, then replace the injector(s). Refer to Disassembly and Assembly, Electronic Unit Injector - Remove and Install. Refer to Special Instruction, REHS9707, for the procedure to install the new injector QR codes within the Engine ECM and online. Confirm that this resolves the issue.
Note: If two or more injectors are not working properly, this is likely a result of water in the fuel, bad fuel, or contaminated fuel. Contaminated fuel can occur by pre-filling the fuel filter or contamination during a previous repair of the fuel system. The root cause needs to be determined to prevent a repeat occurrence.
Result: There are no previous known services on fuel system and there was no noticeable improvement during the cylinder cut out test. The customer could have ordered injectors through parts and did not change the injector trim codes in the Engine ECM. Visually confirm that the injector trim code for each cylinder matches what is in the Engine ECM. Refer to Special Instruction, REHS9707, for the procedure to install the new injector QR codes within the Engine ECM and on-line.
The procedure corrected the issue. Return the engine to service.