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engines in order to cool inlet air that has undergone compression. The inlet air is cooled after the inlet air passes through the turbocharger. The inlet air is passed through an aftercooler (heat exchanger) that uses ambient air for cooling. The inlet air that has been cooled advances to the inlet manifold. Active Diagnostic Code - An active diagnostic code alerts the operator or the service technician that an electronic system malfunction is currently present. Refer to the term "Diagnostic Code" in this glossary.Adaptive Trim - This is a software process that is performed in the ECM that optimizes engine performance by automatically compensating for degradation of injector components.Alternating Current (AC) - Alternating current is an electric current that reverses direction at a regular interval that is reoccurring.Before Top Center (BTC) - BTC is the 180 degrees of crankshaft rotation before the piston reaches the top center position in the normal direction of rotation.Breakout Harness - The breakout harness is a test harness that is designed to connect into the engine harness. This connection allows a normal circuit operation and the connection simultaneously provides a Breakout T in order to measure the signals.Bypass Circuit - A bypass circuit is a circuit that is used as a substitute circuit for an existing circuit. A bypass circuit is typically used as a test circuit.CAN Data Link (see also J1939 CAN Data Link) - The CAN Data Link is a serial communications port that is used for communication with other microprocessor based devices.Code - Refer to "Diagnostic Code" or "Event Code".Cold Mode - Cold mode is a mode for cold starting and for cold engine operation. This mode is used for engine protection, reduced smoke emissions and faster warm up time.Communication Adapter Tool - The communication adapter provides a communication link between the ECM and the Electronic Tool.Component Identifier (CID) - The CID is a number that identifies the specific component of the electronic control system that has experienced a diagnostic code.Coolant Temperature Sensor - The coolant temperature sensor detects the engine coolant temperature for all normal operating conditions and for engine monitoring.Code - See the Diagnostic Code.Customer Specified Parameters - A customer specified parameter is a parameter that can be changed in the ECM with the Electronic Tool. A customer specified parameter's value is set by the customer. These parameters are protected by customer passwords. Data Link - The Data Link is a serial communication port that is used for communication with other microprocessor based devices.Derate - Certain engine conditions will generate event codes. Also, engine derates may be applied. The map for the engine derate is programmed into the ECM software. The derate can be one or more of 3 types: reduction of rated power, reduction of rated engine speed and reduction of rated machine speed for OEM products.Desired Engine Speed - The desired engine speed is input to the electronic governor within the ECM. The electronic governor uses the signal from the throttle position sensor, the engine speed/timing sensor, and other sensors in order to determine the desired engine speed.Diagnostic Code - A diagnostic code is sometimes referred to as a fault code. These codes indicate an electronic system malfunction.Diagnostic Lamp - A diagnostic lamp is sometimes called the check engine light. The diagnostic lamp is used to warn the operator of the presence of an active diagnostic code. The diagnostic lamps are red and orange. The lamp may not be included in all applications. Digital Sensor Return - The common line (ground) from the ECM is used as ground for the digital sensors.Digital Sensors - Digital sensors produce a pulse width modulated signal. Digital sensors are supplied with power from the ECM.Digital Sensor Supply - The power supply for the digital sensors is provided by the ECM.Direct Current (DC) - Direct current is the type of current that flows consistently in only one direction.Duty Cycle - See Pulse Width Modulation.DT, DT Connector, or Deutsch DT - This is a type of connector that is used on Caterpillar engines. The connectors are manufactured by Deutsch. Electronic Tool - The electronic tool is used for diagnosing a variety of electronic controls and the electronic tool is also used for programming a variety of electronic controls. The electronic tool allows a computer (PC) to communicate with the ECM.Electronic Engine Control - The electronic engine control is a complete electronic system. The electronic engine control monitors the engine operation under all conditions. The electronic engine control also controls the engine operation under all conditions.Engine Control Module (ECM) - The ECM is the control computer of the engine. The ECM provides power to the electronics. The ECM monitors data that is input from the sensors of the engine. The ECM acts as a governor in order to control the speed and the power of the engine.Engine Monitoring - Engine Monitoring is the part of the electronic engine control that monitors the sensors. This also warns the operator of detected problems.Engine Oil Pressure Sensor - The engine oil pressure sensor measures engine oil pressure. The sensor sends an electronic signal to the ECM that is dependent on the engine oil pressure.Engine Speed/Timing Sensor - An engine speed/timing sensor is a Hall effect sensor. The ECM interprets this signal as the crankshaft position and the engine speed. Two sensors are used to provide the speed and timing signals to the ECM. The primary sensor is associated with the crankshaft and the secondary sensor is associated with the fuel injection pump camshaft.Estimated Dynamic Timing - Estimated dynamic timing is the estimate of the actual injection timing that is calculated by the ECM.Ether Relay - The ether relay is used to actuate the ether injection system. The ECM controls the relay.Event Code - An event code may be activated in order to indicate an abnormal engine operating condition. These codes usually indicate a mechanical problem instead of an electrical system problem.Failure Mode Identifier (FMI) - This identifier indicates the type of failure that is associated with