944456 Volvo.Penta Hexagon nut

Table 1
Diagnostic Codes Table    
Code    Conditions which Generate this Code    System Response    
190-2 Engine Speed Sensor : Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect     The signal from the engine speed/timing sensor has been lost without a ramp down in engine rpm. The signal returns within one second of being lost.
The code is logged only if the engine has been running for three seconds.     The code is logged.
If a valid signal is not received from the engine speed/timing sensor, the engine ECM will disable the fuel injection. The engine will shut down.    
190-3 Engine Speed Sensor : Voltage Above Normal     The signal wire for the engine speed/timing sensor is disconnected, broken, or shorted to battery voltage.    
190-8 Engine Speed Sensor : Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period     The signal from the engine speed/timing sensor does not show the correct 24 tooth pattern from the timing gear for at least five seconds.    The Electronic Control Module (ECM) supplies 12.5 1.0 VDC to terminal A on the connector for the engine speed/timing sensor. The engine speed/timing sensor generates a pulse signal to the ECM as each tooth of the timing reference gear passes the sensor. The ECM counts the pulses in order to determine the engine rpm. The ECM memorizes the pattern of the pulses. The ECM compares that pattern to a standard pattern in order to determine the crankshaft position. The ECM uses this information to determine the position of the piston in the No. 1 cylinder. The ECM then triggers each unit injector to fire in the correct firing order and at the correct time. The actual timing and duration of each injection is determined by the ECM. The ECM uses engine rpm and engine load to determine the timing and duration of injection. The loss of the timing signal from the engine speed/timing sensor generates an alert on Caterpillar Electronic Technician (ET). The loss of the timing signal from the engine speed/timing sensor triggers the termination of the signals to the fuel injectors by the ECM.Note: When the timing gear is installed backward, the ECM generates a diagnostic code of CID-FMI 190-8. If this code is active, the ECM will not fire the injectors.
Illustration 1 g01519258
Typical schematic
Illustration 2 g01455596
P2 ECM connector (P2-1) 12 V sensor supply (P2-29) Digital return (P2-37) Engine speed/timing signalTest Step 1. Inspect Electrical Connectors and Wiring
Turn the keyswitch to the OFF position.
Remove battery power from the ECM by turning the number four circuit breaker to the OFF position.
Illustration 3 g01139425
ECM (1) J1/P1 connectors (2) J2/P2 connectors
Thoroughly inspect the J2/P2 ECM connector. Inspect all of the connectors that are associated with the circuit.Refer to Troubleshooting, "Electrical Connectors - Inspect" for details.
Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on each of the wires in the ECM connectors that are associated with the circuit.
Check the ECM connector (allen head screw) for the proper torque. Refer to Troubleshooting, "Electrical Connectors - Inspect" for details.
Check the harness and wiring for abrasion and for pinch points from the sensors back to the ECM.Expected Result:All connectors, pins, and sockets are completely coupled and/or inserted. The harness and wiring are free of corrosion, of abrasion, and of pinch points.Results:
OK - The harness and wiring are OK. Proceed to Test Step 2.
Not OK - There is a problem in the connectors and/or wiring.Repair: Repair the connectors or wiring and/or replace the connectors or wiring. Ensure that all of the seals are properly in place and ensure that the connectors are completely coupled.Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.STOPTest Step 2. Check for Diagnostic Codes
Connect Cat ET to the service tool connector.
Restore battery power to the ECM by turning the number four circuit breaker to the ON position.
Turn the keyswitch to the ON position.
Check for active diagnostic codes