8157557 Volvo.Penta Hose

API Licensed Oils
Use Only CG-4 or CF-4 lube oil in 3100 Engines. Do NOT use any other API oil classification.
Caterpillar recognizes and supports the American Petroleum Institute (API) "Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System" for engine oils. The API publication No. 1509, 13th edition, contains the detailed information concerning this system. Engine oils bearing the API symbol are licensed by the API.
Examples of the API symbol.Diesel engine oil classifications CD, CD-2, and CE are obsolete API categories. Caterpillar will only reference those categories that are currently licensed by the API. The following chart summarizes the status of the categories. CF is NOT the same as CF-4. API CF oils are only recommended for Caterpillar engines with precombustion chamber (PC) fuel systems.In previous lubricant specifications, Caterpillar referred to US Military oil specifications (MIL) and to European Comite des Constructeurs d'Automobile Marche Commun (CCMC) diesel engine oil specifications. Those specifications do not provide identical performance to API CF, CF-4 or API CG-4 engine oils. Therefore, Caterpillar will not make reference to MIL or to CCMC specifications in this publication.Terminology
Some abbreviations follow the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J754 nomenclature. Some classifications follow the SAE J183 abbreviations. The definitions other than Caterpillar's will be of assistance in selecting lubricants.Grease
The National Lubricating Grease Institute (NLGI) classifies grease, based on the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) D217-68 Worked Penetration characteristics. Grease characteristics are given a defined consistency number.Caterpillar Diesel Engine Oil (DEO)
Caterpillar Oils have been developed, tested, and approved by Caterpillar to provide the performance and service life that has been designed and built into Caterpillar diesel engines. Caterpillar oils are used for engine development and factory fill. These oils are offered by Caterpillar dealers.Due to significant variations in the quality and in the performance of commercially available oils, Caterpillar recommends: Caterpillar Diesel Engine Oil (DEO) 15W40 Caterpillar Diesel Engine Oil (DEO) 10W30Caterpillar recommends the use of multigrade oils in all on-highway vehicle engines. Caterpillar multigrade DEO is formulated with detergents, dispersants, and sufficient alkalinity to provide superior performance in Caterpillar Diesel Engines. Multigrade DEO is blended in two viscosity grades: SAE 10W30 and SAE 15W40. Refer to the Lubricant Viscosities For Ambient Temperatures chart to choose the correct viscosity grade based on ambient temperatures. Multigrade oils provide the correct viscosity for a broad range of operating temperatures and for cold engine starts. Multigrade oils are also effective in maintaining low oil consumption and low levels of piston deposits.Caterpillar multigrade DEO is also qualified for use in other diesel engines and in gasoline engines. Refer to the engine manufacturer's guide for the recommended specifications. Compare the recommendations to the specifications of Caterpillar multigrade DEO. The current Caterpillar multigrade DEO industry specifications are listed on the product labels and on the product data sheets.Consult your Caterpillar dealer for part numbers and available container sizes.Commercial Diesel Engine Oils
The performance of commercial diesel engine oils is based on API categories. API categories are developed to provide commercial lubricants for a wide variety of diesel engines that operate in various conditions.If Caterpillar multigrade DEO is not used, the following commercial oils are recommended.* Preferred API CG-4 (multigrade)* Acceptable API CF-4 (multigrade)API CG-4 oils are preferred for Caterpillar on-highway diesel engines because the oils provide improved deposit control and additional soot dispersancy. Also, API CG-4 is the only oil category that evaluates oils with engine tests utilizing 0.05 percent sulfur diesel fuel. Since October 1993, all USA on-highway vehicle diesel fuel has been regulated to a maximum of 0.05 percent sulfur.The following explanations of these API categories can be used to make the proper choice of a commercial oil. CG-4: CG-4 is the newest heavy duty diesel oil category. CG-4 oils can be used in all Caterpillar on-highway diesel engines where CF-4 oils are recommended. Compared to CF-4 oils, CG-4 oils provide improved piston cleanliness, improved viscosity control, and improved crankcase cleanliness, especially in applications where oil soot is a problem. Although CG-4 oils were primarily developed for diesel engines operating on 0.05 percent sulfur diesel fuel, CG-4 oils can be used with higher sulfur fuels. The new oil Total Base Number (TBN) determines the maximum fuel sulfur level for CG-4 and CF-4 oils. Refer to the TBN and Fuel Sulfur topics in this publication.CG-4 oils are the first oils to pass industry tests for foam control and viscosity shear loss. CG-4 oils must also pass recently developed tests for metals corrosion and wear. CF-4 oils service a wide variety of modern diesel engines. This oil classification was developed with 0.40 percent sulfur diesel fuel. The fuel used in the CF-4 category represents the type of diesel fuels commonly available world wide. CF-4 oils provide improved piston deposit control and improved oil control when compared to the other category oils.
Failure to follow these oil recommendations can cause shortened engine service life due to deposits and/or excessive wear.
Single grade oils must not be used in Caterpillar on-highway diesel engines, regardless of the API specification.
Synthetic Base Stock Oils
Synthetic base stock oils are acceptable for use in Caterpillar engines if these oils meet the performance requirements specified by Caterpillar.Synthetic base stock oils generally outperform nonsynthetic oils in two areas:* Improved low temperature viscosity characteristics, especially in Arctic conditions* Improved oxidation stability, especially at high operating temperaturesSome synthetic base stock oils have performance characteristics that enhance the useful service life of the oil. However, Caterpillar does NOT recommend the "automatic" extension of oil change intervals for any oil, including synthetic base stock oils. For Caterpillar diesel engines, oil change intervals can only be adjusted through an oil analysis program that contains the following elements: oil condition and wear metals (Caterpillar's S O S Oil Analysis preferred), trend analysis, fuel consumption, and oil consumption.Re-Refined Base Stock Oils
Re-refined base stock oils are acceptable for use in Caterpillar engines if these oils meet the performance requirements specified by Caterpillar. Re-refined oils can be used exclusively in a finished oil or in combination with new base stocks. The US Military and other heavy equipment manufacturers