240344 Volvo.Penta Injector

Introduction
The problem that is identified below does not have a known permanent solution. Until a permanent solution is known, use the solution that is identified below.Problem
The following article has the proper guidelines for starting Caterpillar Engines in temperatures 9 °C (48 °F) to −40 °C (−40 °F). Please follow the instructions below if your engine is experiencing cold starting problems.Solution
Starting The Engine in Cold Temperatures
Make sure that the air inlet heater is turned on. Also make sure that the continuous flow ether is turned on. Use an electronic technician to make sure that both the air inlet heater and the continuous flow ether are turned on. Consult your local Caterpillar Dealer for more information.
Make sure that the ether bottle has enough ether in order to help start the engine. The ether bottle can be checked by removing the ether bottle and shaking the ether bottle. Replace the ether bottle if the bottle is empty.
Install the correct lubricant in each compartment before the engine is exposed to cold weather. See the chart below for the availability of oil for either Caterpillar or other commercial lubricants.
Table 1
Availability of Oil    
Description of Oil     Oil Viscosity Grades    
Available Oils from Caterpillar     SAE 15W-40, 10W-30, 5W-40, and 0W-30    
Available Oils from Commercial Companies     SAE 10W-40, 5W-30, and 0W-40    
Table 2
Categories of Cold Weather    
Category     Temperature Range for Starting the Engine     Maximum Oil Viscosity Grade    
Category 1    
9 °C (48 °F) to
−9.5 °C (15 °F)     SAE 15W-40    
Category 2    
−9.5 °C (15 °F) to
−18 °C (0 °F)     SAE 10W-30    
Category 3    
−18 °C (0 °F) to
−30 °C (−22 °F)     SAE 5W-40    
Category 4    
−30 °C (−22 °F) to
−40 °C (−40 °F)     SAE 0W-40    Category 1
Temperature Range for Starting the Engine 9 °C (48 °F) to −9.5 °C (15 °F)Caterpillar Engines will not require any starting aid in this temperature range of altitudes less than 460 m (1509 ft). A starting aid might also be necessary for Caterpillar Engines in this temperature range of altitudes greater than 460 m (1509 ft).
Table 3
Category 1    
Altitude     Engine Model     Starting Aid    
Recommended Optional    
0 m ( 0 ft) to
460 m (1509 ft)     All Models     None     None    
Greater than
460 m (1509 ft)     3126B, C-9, C7, and C9     Continuous Flow Ether     None    
All other Caterpillar models None     None    Note: Continuous flow ether is controlled by the engine software. Continuous flow ether DOES NOT require manual operation during starting.Note: Use only Caterpillar 15W-40, Caterpillar 10W-30 and any SAE multigrade that meets Engine Crankshaft Fluid (ECF)-1. Also refer to the engines Operation and Maintenance Manual or refer to Special Instruction, SEBU6250, "Caterpillar Machine Fluids Recommendations ".Category 2
Temperature Range for Starting the Engine −9.5 °C (15 °F) to −18 °C (0 °F)
Table 4
Category 2    
Altitude     Engine Model     Starting Aid    
Recommended Optional    
All Models     All Models     Continuous Flow Ether     Coolant Heater    
Battery that is Heavy Duty and a Starter Package Note: Use only Caterpillar 10W-30 or a lower viscosity SAE multigrade that meets ECF-1. Also refer to the engines Operation and Maintenance Manual or refer to Special Instruction, SEBU6250, "Caterpillar Machine Fluids Recommendations ". Do not use SAE 15W-40 oil viscosity grade or any SAE 15W-XX multigrade oil in category 2.Category 3
Temperature Range for Starting the Engine −18 °C (0 °F) to −30 °C (−22 °F)
Table 5
Category 3    
Altitude     Engine Model     Starting Aid    
All Models     All Models     Recommended     Optional    
Continuous Flow Ether Oil Heater    
Coolant Heater Fuel Heater    
Battery that is Heavy Duty and a Starter Package Warmer for the Battery    Note: Consult with a local Caterpillar Dealer about availability for your machine model.Note: Use only Caterpillar 5W-40 or a lower viscosity SAE multigrade that meets ECF-1. Also refer to the engines Operation and Maintenance Manual or refer to Special Instruction, SEBU6250, "Caterpillar Machine Fluids Recommendations ". Do not use SAE 15W-40 or 10W-30 oil viscosity grade or any SAE 15W-XX or 10W-XX multigrade oil in category 3.Category 4
Temperature Range for Starting the Engine −30 °C (−22 °F) to −40 °C (−40 °F)
Table 6
Category 4    
Altitude     Engine Model     Starting Aid    
All Models     All Models     Recommended     Optional    
Continuous Flow Ether Oil Heater    
Coolant Heater Fuel Heater    
Battery that is Heavy Duty and a Starter Package Warmer for the Battery