20740798 Volvo.Penta Inlet valve

Scheduled Oil Sampling (S O S)
To compliment a good preventive maintenance program, Caterpillar recommends using S O S oil analysis at regular scheduled intervals to monitor the condition of the engine oil and maintenance requirements of your engine. Obtain SampleEach oil sample should be taken when the oil is warm and well mixed to ensure that the sample is representative of the oil in the crankcase. There are two methods recommended to obtain oil samples from the engine crankcase.
Typical oil sampling valve.* Use the sampling valve (if equipped)* Use a sampling gun inserted into the sump Refer to PEHP6001, How to Take a Good Oil Sample, for a step-by-step explanation if using this method of sampling crankcase oil.Caterpillar recommends using one of the above methods. If either of these methods are not possible, then use a drain stream method when changing oil. When using the drain stream to obtain the oil sample, do not sample from the beginning or end of drain stream. The oil at the beginning or end of the drain stream is not mixed well enough to be representative of the oil in the crankcase.Oil Change Intervals
Many conditions exist that can affect the selection of an optimum oil change period. The fundamental requirement in this decision must be to maintain the lube oil in an acceptable condition that provides continual engine protection. The quality and amount of oil available is balanced against the oil's ability to absorb combustion by-products.Due to manufacturing tolerances, engine application and maintenance variations, all engines do not consume fuel and oil at the same rate. The amount of fuel consumed is in direct relation to the maximum oil change interval selected.All oils do not perform equally. Lower quality lube oil requires reduced oil change intervals. Oil analysis provides the best indication of when to change oil.Consult your Caterpillar dealer for complete information and assistance in establishing an S O S oil analysis program for your engine.Engine Crankcase
Replace Oil and Filter(s)
As oil cools, suspended waste particles settle on the bottom of the crankcase or oil pan. The waste particles are not removed with the draining cold oil. Drain the crankcase with the engine stopped and the oil warm. This allows for the draining of the waste particles that are suspended in the oil.Failure to follow this recommended procedure would result in these waste particles being recirculated through your engine lubrication system with the new oil.Drain Oil
Oil level gauge (dipstick, 1), oil filler (2), oil filter (3), and oil drain (4).1. Open the oil drain valve (if equipped) or remove the crankcase drain plugs. Plugs from both the deep and shallow portions of the oil pan should be removed to allow the oil to drain. An oil sample can be obtained for S O S (Scheduled Oil Sampling) analysis at this time.2. After the oil has drained, close the oil drain valve (if equipped) or wipe clean and install the crankcase drain plugs.Replace Filter(s)
Change oil filter(s) at every oil change. Make sure to use the correct Caterpillar oil filter(s) for your engine arrangement.
Caterpillar oil filters are built to Caterpillar specifications. Use of an oil filter not recommended by Caterpillar could result in severe damage to your engine bearings, crankshaft, etc., as a result of the larger debris particles from unfiltered oil entering your engine lubricating system.
1. Remove the oil filter(s) with a 1U-8760 Chain Wrench.2. Cut the oil filter case open with a 4C-5084 Oil Filter Cutter. Spread the pleats apart and inspect the element for metal debris. An excessive amount of debris in the oil filter element may be indicative of early wear or a pending failure.
Element with debris.Use a magnet to differentiate between the ferrous and non-ferrous metals found in your oil filter element. Ferrous metals may indicate wear on the steel and cast iron parts of your engine.Non-ferrous metals may indicate wear on the aluminum, brass or bronze parts of your engine, such as main and rod bearings, turbocharger bearings and cylinder heads.Due to normal wear and friction, it is not uncommon to find small amounts of debris in the oil filter element. Consult your Caterpillar dealer to arrange for further analysis if an excessive amount of debris is found in your oil filter element.3. Wipe the sealing surface of the filter mounting base. Make sure all of the old gasket is removed.
Filter mounting base and gasket.4. Apply a small amount of clean engine oil to the new filter gasket.
Do NOT fill the oil filters with oil before installing them. This oil would not be filtered and could be contaminated. Contaminated oil will cause accelerated wear to engine components.
5. Install the new filter(s) until the gasket contacts the base. Tighten the filter 3/4 of a turn more by hand. Do not over tighten. Use the rotation index marks on the filters as a guide for proper tightening.Fill Crankcase
If equipped with an auxiliary (or remote mounted oil filter) system, follow the OEM or filter manufacturer's recommendations. Either under filling or overfilling of engine crankcase oil can cause engine damage.
1. Remove the oil filler cap. Refer to Lubricant Specifications for the proper oil to use for this engine. Fill the crankcase with the proper amount of oil (refer to the Refill Capacities chart).
To prevent crankshaft bearing damage, crank the engine with the fuel OFF to fill the oil filters before starting the engine. Do not crank the engine for more than 30 seconds.
2. Start and run the engine at LOW IDLE for two minutes to ensure the lube system (including auxiliary filters, etc.) has oil and the oil filter(s) are filled. Inspect for oil leaks.3. Stop the engine and allow the oil to drain back to the sump for a minimum of ten minutes.4. Remove the dipstick to check the oil level. Maintain the oil level between the ADD and FULL marks on the ENGINE STOPPED side of the dipstick.Crankcase Breather
Clean
If the crankcase breather is not maintained on a regular basis, it will become plugged. A plugged crankcase breather would result in