947397 Volvo.Penta Key

Engine Specifications
Note: The front end of the engine is opposite the flywheel end of the engine. The left and the right sides of the engine are determined from the flywheel end. The number 1 cylinder is the front cylinder.
Illustration 1 g00609479
Cylinder and valve location (A) Exhaust valve (B) Inlet valve
Table 1
C9 Engine Specifications    
Arrangement and Cylinders     In-Line 6 cylinder    
Bore    
112.0 mm (4.41 inch)    
Stroke    
149.0 mm (5.87 inch)    
Aspiration     ATAAC (1)    
Displacement    
8.8 L (537 in3)    
Firing Order     1-5-3-6-2-4    
Rotation (flywheel end)     Counterclockwise    
Valve Lash (inlet)    
0.38 mm (0.015 inch)    
Valve Lash (exhaust)    
0.64 mm (0.025 inch)    
( 1 ) Air-to-air aftercooledElectronic Engine Features
The Caterpillar C9 Engine is designed for electronic controls. The integral on board computer controls the operation of the engine. Current operating conditions are monitored. The Electronic Control Module (ECM) controls the response of the engine to these conditions and to the demands of the operator. These conditions and operator demands determine the precise control of fuel injection by the ECM. The electronic engine control system provides the following features:
Engine speed governor
Automatic air/fuel ratio control
Torque rise shaping
Injection timing control
System diagnosticsFor more information on electronic engine features, refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Engine Features and Controls" topic (Operation Section).Additional Features
The following additional features provide increased engine fuel economy and serviceability:
Cold starting capability
Tampering detection
DiagnosticsHydraulic Electronic Unit Injectors
Hydraulically Actuated Electronic Unit Injectors (HEUI) perform the following functions:
Pump the fuel.
Meter the fuel.
Time the fuel injection.The unit injectors are controlled by the ECM which uses the camshaft position and the engine speed signals from the engine speed/timing sensors and the inlet air pressure sensors. The rated rpm of the engine is identified on the Information Plate.Engine Diagnostics
The engine has built-in diagnostics in order to ensure that all of the components are functioning properly. In the event of a deviation from the programmed limits, the operator will be alerted to the condition by a "DIAGNOSTIC" lamp that is mounted on the dashboard. Under certain conditions, the engine horsepower and the vehicle speed may be limited. A Caterpillar electronic service tool may be used to display the diagnostic code.There are three types of diagnostic codes: active, logged and event.Most of the diagnostic codes are logged and stored in the ECM. For additional information, refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Engine Diagnostics" topic (Operation Section).The ECM provides an electronic governor that controls the injector output in order to maintain the desired engine rpm. The functionality of electronic governor is similar to the Caterpillar mechanical governor, but the electronic governor includes additional features.Engine Cooling and Lubrication
The cooling system consists of the following components:
Centrifugal pump that is driven by belts
Water temperature regulator which regulates the engine coolant temperature
Oil cooler and radiator which incorporates a shunt systemThe engine lubricating oil that is supplied is cooled. The engine lubricating oil is also filtered. Bypass valves provide unrestricted flow of lubrication oil to the engine components during the following conditions:
High oil viscosity
Plugged oil cooler or plugged oil filter elements (paper cartridge)Engine Service Life
Engine efficiency and maximum utilization of engine performance depend on the adherence to proper operation and maintenance recommendations. In addition, use recommended fuels, coolants, and lubricants. Use the Operation and Maintenance Manual as a guide for required engine maintenance.Expected engine life is predicted by the average power that is demanded. The average power that is demanded is based on fuel consumption of the engine over a period of time. Reduced hours of operation at full throttle and/or operating at reduced throttle settings result in a lower average power demand. Reduced hours of operation will increase the length of operating time before an engine overhaul is required. For more information, refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Overhaul Considerations" topic (Maintenance Section).Aftermarket Products and Caterpillar Engines
In order to maximize fuel system life and prevent premature wear out from abrasive particles in the fuel, a four micron[c] absolute high efficiency fuel filter is required for all Caterpillar Hydraulic Electronic Unit Injectors. Caterpillar High Efficiency Fuel Filters meet these requirements. Consult your Caterpillar dealer for the proper part numbers.
When auxiliary devices, accessories, or consumables (filters, additives, and catalysts) which are made by other manufacturers are used on Caterpillar products, the Caterpillar warranty is not affected simply because of such use.However, failures that result from the installation or use of other manufacturers devices, accessories, or consumables are NOT Caterpillar defects. Therefore, the defects are NOT covered under the Caterpillar warranty.