3808520 Volvo.Penta Oil deflector

Electronic Control System Operation
The 3408 & 3412 electronically controlled governor functions like a mechanical governor in the mid-speed operating range. The governor has a programmable low idle rpm of 600 to 750 rpm, regardless of load. The governor eliminates most of the overrun at high idle that is experienced with a mechanical governor.During the cranking cycle, the safety shutoffs are inoperative, and will not allow a low oil pressure shut down. When oil pressure reaches a safe level, the safety circuit is armed by the arming relay. High water temperature or low oil pressure will now stop the engine and prevent major damage.If an unsafe engine condition exists, a sending unit completes the circuit to the safety relay and locking relay. The safety relay closes the fuel supply valve and the engine stops. The locking relay insures that the circuit to the safety relay is complete, even if the remote contacts open.Before restarting any unit which has been shut down by the safety circuit, the cause must be determined and corrected. The safety circuit must be reset by moving the start selector switch to the OFF position.Operating Driven Equipment Without Load
* Operate the engine at LOW IDLE. After normal oil pressure is reached and the jacket water temperature gauge begins to rise, the engine may be operated at full load.* If equipped with auxiliary driven equipment: To get the driven equipment in motion, use a smooth, easy engagement without increasing engine speed above low idle or slipping the clutch. Engage the clutch smoothly. It is not necessary to advance the throttle to get the driven equipment moving in most instances.
DO NOT allow the engine rpm to exceed 2450 rpm, or engine damage could result.Operation of the engine at 2450 rpm or above will cause the DIAGNOSTIC lamp to come on and a fault to be logged.
Operating Driven Equipment With Load
Always increase engine speed before increasing load.
1. Move the governor control lever to half engine speed. Begin operating the engine with the governor at low load position.2. After normal oil pressure is reached and the temperature gauge stabilizes, the engine may be operated with full load.3. Move the governor control lever to high idle (full load) position. Apply the load to the driven equipment and check the gauges and equipment for proper operation.4. If the load varies, or is cyclic, the governor will adjust the engine speed as required. If a slower constant speed is desired, move the governor control lever to the desired speed position.* The governor control lever should remain in the full governed position while operating at full load. Extended operation at low idle or reduced load may cause increased oil consumption and carbon build-up in the cylinders and result in loss of power and/or poor performance.* At least every four hours of operation at reduced load, the engine should be fully loaded to burn excess carbon from the cylinders.* Do not allow the engine speed (rpm) to exceed the limit above rated rpm. DO NOT allow the engine to overspeed.Fuel Conservation Practices
Engine Efficiency
The efficiency of your engine can also impact fuel economy. Caterpillar engines are designed and manufactured using state-of-the-art technology to provide maximum fuel efficiency in all applications. To insure optimum performance for the life of your engine, follow the recommended operation and maintenance procedures described in this publication.* Avoid fuel spillage. Never overfill the fuel tank. Fuel expands as it warms and may overflow from the fuel tank. Keep all fuel line leaks repaired.* Use only recommended fuels with recommended heat values.* Do not idle unnecessarily. Unless operating in extreme cold temperatures, shut down and restart rather than idle for long periods.* Keep the air cleaner clean. Use the air cleaner restriction indicator to determine when to service the air cleaner.* Make sure the turbochargers are operating correctly so that proper air/fuel ratio is maintained. A clean burning exhaust should indicate these items are functioning properly.* Operate with a good electrical system. One bad cell in a battery will overwork the alternator, consuming more engine power and fuel.* Make sure all belts are in good condition and adjusted properly.* Make sure all air hoses and connections are tight and leak free.* Operate with thermostats all year. Cold engines consume more fuel.* Utilize "waste" heat energy from the jacket water (coolant) and exhaust system whenever possible.* Keep radiator fins and water pumps clean and in good repair to maintain operating temperature of the engine.Cold Weather Operation
Caterpillar Diesel Engines can operate effectively in cold weather. However, engine operation in cold weather is dependent on the type of fuel used and how well the fuel moves through fuel related components. The purpose of this section is to explain some of the problems and steps that can be taken to minimize fuel problems during cold weather operation when the engine area (ambient temperature) is colder than 5°C (40°F).Fuel and the Effect from Cold Weather
The two types of diesel fuel available for your engine are typically grades No.1 and No.2. Although No.2 diesel fuel is the most commonly used fuel, No.1 diesel fuel or a blend of No.1 and No.2, is the fuel that is best suited for cold weather operation.During cold weather operation, it may be necessary for you to use No.2 diesel fuel since quantities of No.1 diesel fuel are limited and generally are only available during the winter months and in the colder climates.There are three major differences between No.1 and No.2 diesel fuel.* No.1 diesel fuel has a lower cloud point. The cloud point is the temperature at which a cloud or haze of wax crystals will begin to form in the fuel and cause fuel filters to plug.* No.1 diesel fuel has a lower pour point. The pour point is the temperature which diesel fuel will begin to thicken and be more resistant to flow through fuel pumps and lines.* No.1 diesel fuel has a lower BTU (kJ) (heat content) rating per unit volume of fuel than the average No.2 diesel fuel. When