185509 Volvo.Penta Outer casing

Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting can be difficult. The Troubleshooting Index gives a list of possible problems. To make a repair to a problem, make reference to the cause and correction on the pages that follow.This list of problems, causes and corrections will only give an indication of where a possible problem can be, and what repairs are needed. Normally, more or other repair work is needed beyond the recommendation in the list.Remember that a problem is not normally caused only by one part, but by the relation of one part with other parts. This list is only a guide and cannot give all possible problems and corrections. Service personnel must find the problem and its source, then make the necessary repairs.1. Engine Will Not Turn When Start Switch Is On.2. Engine Will Not Start.3. Misfiring Or Running Rough.4. Stall At Low RPM.5. Sudden Changes In Engine RPM.6. Not Enough Power.7. Too Much Vibration.8. Loud Combustion Noise (Knock).9. Loud Noise (Clicking) From Valve Compartment.10. Oil In Cooling System.11. Mechanical Noise (Knock) In Engine.12. Fuel Consumption Too High.13. Loud Noise From Valves Or Valve Operating Components.14. Little Movement Of Rocker Arm And Too Much Valve Lash.15. Valve Rotocoil Or Spring Lock Is Free.16. Oil At The Exhaust.17. Little Or No Valve Lash.18. Engine Has Early Wear.19. Coolant In Lubrication Oil.20. Too Much Black Or Gray Smoke.21. Too Much White Or Blue Smoke.22. Engine Has Low Oil Pressure.23. Engine Uses Too Much Lubrication Oil.24. Engine Coolant Is Too Hot.25. Exhaust Temperature Is Too High.26. Starting Motor Does Not Turn.27. Alternator Gives No Charge.28. Alternator Charge Rate Is Low Or Not Regular.29. Alternator Charge Is Too High.30. Alternator Has Noise.31. Shutoff Solenoid Does Not Stop Engine. Problem 1: Engine Will Not Turn When Start Switch Is On Probable Cause:1. Battery Has Low Output Make Reference to Problem 27.2. Wires Or Switches Have Defect Make Reference to Problem 27.3. Starter Motor Solenoid Has A Defect Make Reference to Problem 26.4. Starter Motor Has A Defect Make Reference to Problem 26.5. Inside Problem Prevents Engine Crankshaft From Turning If the crankshaft cannot be turned after the drive equipment is disconnected, remove the fuel nozzles and check for fluid in the cylinders while the crankshaft is turned. If fluid in the cylinders is not the problem, the engine must be disassembled to check for other inside problems. Some of these inside problems are bearing seizure, piston seizure, wrong pistons installed in the engine, and valves making contact with pistons. Problem 2: Engine Will Not Start Probable Cause:1. Slow Cranking Speed Make reference to Problem 27.2. No Fuel In The Housing For The Fuel Injection Pumps Fill the housing for the fuel injection pumps with fuel using the priming pump. Remove the air with the bleed valve.3. Dirty Fuel Filter Install new fuel filter.4. Dirty Or Broken Fuel Lines Clean or install new fuel lines as necessary.5. No Fuel To Cylinders Put fuel in fuel tank. "Prime" (remove the air from the fuel system).6. Poor Quality Or Water In Fuel Remove fuel from the fuel tank. Install a new fuel filter element. Put a good grade of clean fuel in the fuel tank. Follow the recommendations given in SEBD0717 Diesel Fuels And Your Engine. Also, Special Instruction, SEHS6947 has fuel correction factors and tables.7. Fuel Has "Cloud Point" Higher Than Atmospheric Temperature ("Cloud Point" = Temperature Which Makes Wax Form In Fuel) Drain the fuel tank, lines, and fuel injection pump housing. Change the fuel filter. Fill the tank with fuel which has the correct "cloud point" and remove the air from the system with the priming pump.8. Wrong Fuel Injection Timing Make adjustment to timing.9. Overfueling Spring Not Installed Install overfueling spring. Problem 3: Misfiring Or Running Rough Probable Cause:1. Air In The Fuel System Find air leak in the fuel system and correct. Remove air from fuel system. See Fuel System in Testing & Adjusting.2. Fuel Pressure Is Low Make sure there is fuel in the fuel tank. Look for leaks or bad bends in the fuel line between fuel tank and fuel transfer pump. Look for air in the fuel system. Check fuel pressure at the fuel injection pump housing. If fuel pressure at high idle is lower than 105 kPa (15 psi), install a new filter element. If fuel pressure is still low, check the pumping spring and the check valves in the fuel transfer pump.3. Leak Or Break In Fuel Line Between Fuel Injection Pump And Fuel Injection Nozzle Install a new fuel line.4. Defect In Fuel Injection Nozzle(s) Or Injection Pump(s) Run engine at rpm that gives maximum misfiring or rough running. Then loosen a fuel line nut on the fuel injection nozzle for each cylinder, one at a time. Find the cylinder where loosening the fuel line nut does not change the way the engine runs. Test the fuel injection pump and fuel injection nozzle for that cylinder. Install new parts where needed.5. Fuel System Not Timed Correctly To Engine Make adjustment to timing if necessary.6. Wrong Valve Lash Make adjustment. See the Subject Valve Lash in Testing & Adjusting.7. Bent Or Broken Push Rod Replacement of push rod is necessary.8. Worn Valve Seat Or Face Of Valve Reconditioning of cylinder head is needed. Problem 4: Stall At Low RPM Probable Cause:1. Idle RPM Too Low Make adjustments to governor so idle rpm is the same as given in the TMI (Technical Marketing Information) or Fuel Setting And Related Information Fiche.2. Defect In Fuel Injection Nozzle(s) Or Fuel Injection Pump(s) Run engine at rpm that gives maximum misfiring or rough running. Then loosen a fuel line nut on the injection pump for each cylinder, one at a time. Find the cylinder where loosening the fuel line nut does not change the way the engine runs. Test the fuel injection pump and fuel injection nozzle for that cylinder. Install new parts where needed. Problem 4: Sudden Changes In Engine RPM Probable Cause:1. Failure Of Governor Or Fuel Injection Pump Look for damaged or