21223179 Volvo.Penta Overhaul kit

Scheduled Oil Sampling (S O S) Analysis
To compliment a good preventive maintenance program, Caterpillar recommends using S O S analysis at regular scheduled intervals to monitor the condition of the engine oil and maintenance requirements of your engine.Obtain Sample
Each oil sample should be taken when the oil is warm and well mixed to ensure that the sample is representative of the oil in the crankcase. There are two methods recommended to obtain S O S samples from the engine crankcase.
Typical oil sampling valve* Use the sampling valve (if equipped).* Use a sampling gun inserted into the sump. Refer to How to Take a Good Oil Sample, PEHP6001 for a step-by-step explanation if using this method of sampling crankcase oil.Caterpillar recommends using one of the above methods. If either of these methods are not possible, then use a drain stream method when changing oil. When using the drain stream to obtain the oil sample, do not sample from the beginning or end of drain stream. The oil at the beginning or end of the drain stream is not mixed well enough to be representative of the oil in the crankcase.Consult with your Caterpillar dealer for complete information and assistance in establishing an S O S program for your engine.Engine Crankcase
Replace Oil and Filter(s)
Do not drain oil when the engine is cold. As oil cools, suspended waste particles settle on the bottom of the crankcase or oil pan. The waste particles are not removed with the draining cold oil. Drain the crankcase with the engine stopped and the oil warm. This allows for the draining of the waste particles that are suspended in the oil.Failure to follow this recommended procedure would result in these waste particles being recirculated through your engine lubrication system with the new oil.Drain Oil
Oil filler cap (1), oil level gauge (dipstick) (2), oil filter (3), and oil drain valve (4).1. After the engine has been run at normal operating water temperature, STOP the engine. If equipped with a drain valve, turn the valve knob counterclockwise (CCW) to drain the oil. If not equipped with a drain valve, remove the crankcase oil drain plug(s) and allow the oil to drain. 2. If equipped with a drain line valve, turn the valve knob clockwise (CW) to shut the drain. Install the oil drain plug(s). Tighten the plug(s) to 70 14 N m (50 10 lb ft). Replace Filter
1. Use a 2P-8250 Filter Wrench to remove the oil filter (2) and optional bypass oil filter, if equipped.
Element with debris.2. Use a 4C-5084 Oil Filter Cutter to cut the oil filter open. Spread the pleats apart and inspect the element for metal debris. An excessive amount of debris in the oil filter element may be indicative of early wear or a pending failure.Use a magnet to differentiate between the ferrous and non-ferrous metals found in your oil filter element. Ferrous metals may indicate wear on the steel and cast iron parts of your engine.Non-ferrous metals may indicate wear on the aluminum, brass or bronze parts of your engine, such as main and rod bearings, turbocharger bearings and cylinder heads.Due to normal wear and friction, it is not uncommon to find small amounts of debris in the oil filter element. Consult your Caterpillar dealer to arrange for further analysis if an excessive amount of debris is found in your oil filter element.
Typical filter mounting base and filter gasket.3. Wipe the sealing surface of the filter mounting base. Make sure all of the old gasket is removed. Change oil filter(s) at every oil change. Make sure to use the correct Caterpillar oil filter(s) for your engine arrangement.
Caterpillar oil filters are built to Caterpillar specifications. Use of an oil filter not recommended by Caterpillar could result in severe engine damage to your engine bearings, crankshaft, etc., as a result of the larger debris particles from unfiltered oil entering your engine lubricating system. Only use oil filters recommended by Caterpillar.
4. Apply a small amount of clean engine oil to the new filter gasket.
Do NOT fill the oil filters with oil before installing them. This oil would not be filtered and could be contaminated. Contaminated oil will cause accelerated wear to engine components.
5. Install the new filter(s) until the gasket contacts the base. Tighten the filter 3/4 of a turn more by hand. Do not over tighten.Fill Crankcase
6. Remove the oil filler cap. Refer to Lubricant Specifications for the proper oil to use for this engine. Fill the crankcase with the proper amount of oil (refer to the Refill Capacities chart).
If equipped with an auxiliary oil filter or system, extra oil must be added when filling the crankcase. Follow the OEM or filter manufacturer's recommendations. If the extra oil is not added, the engine may starve for oil.To prevent crankshaft or bearing damage, crank engine to fill all filters BEFORE starting. Do Not crank engine for more than 30 seconds.
7. Start and run the engine at LOW IDLE for two minutes to ensure the lube system (including auxiliary filters, etc.) has oil and the oil filter(s) are filled. Inspect for oil leaks.8. Stop the engine and allow the oil to drain back to the sump for a minimum of ten minutes.9. Remove the dipstick to check the oil level. Maintain the oil level between the ADD and FULL marks on the ENGINE STOPPED side of the dipstick.Crankcase Breather
If the crankcase breather is not maintained on a regular basis, it will become plugged. A plugged crankcase breather would result in excessive crankcase pressure that may cause crankshaft seal leakage.
Clean
1. Loosen breather retaining bolt (1).2. Loosen hose clamp(s) (2) and remove breather assembly (3) and seal (4).3. Wash the breather in clean, nonflammable solvent. Allow the breather assembly to dry.4. Install a new seal.5. Assemble the breather. Install the breather in reverse order of removal.6. Tighten the hose clamp(s). Refer to the Torque Specifications section of this manual.Cooling System
Make sure you read and understand the information in the Safety and Cooling System Specifications sections of