275344 Volvo.Penta Piston ring kit

Walk-Around Inspection
Perform required Daily and other periodic maintenance before starting the engine. Make a walk-around inspection of the installation. It only takes a few minutes to make minor corrections. This can prevent major repairs at a later date.* For maximum service life of your engine, make a thorough inspection before starting the engine. Look for items such as oil or coolant leaks, loose bolts, and trash build-up. Remove trash build-up and have repairs made as needed.* Inspect the radiator hoses for cracks and loose clamps.* Inspect the fan belts and accessory drive belts for cracks, breaks, and other damage.* Inspect the wiring for loose connections and for worn or frayed wires.* Check the fuel supply. Drain water from the water separator (if equipped). Open the fuel supply valve.
All valves in fuel return line must be open before and during engine operation to prevent high fuel pressure. High fuel pressure may cause filter housing failure or other damage.
If the engine has not been run for several weeks, fuel may have drained and allowed air into the filter housing. Also, when fuel filters have been changed, some air space will be left in the housing. In these instances, prime the fuel system. Refer to Priming the Fuel System in this publication for more information.
Diesel engine exhaust contains products of combustion which may be harmful to your health. Always start and operate the engine in a well-ventilated area and, if in an enclosed area, vent the exhaust to the outside.
* Do not start the engine or move any of the controls if there is a DO NOT OPERATE or similar warning tag attached to the start switch or controls.* The operator must be satisfied that no one will be endangered before starting the engine.* Disconnect the battery charger (if equipped).* Reset any shutoff or alarm components (if equipped): Low Oil Pressure, Overspeed, Air Shutoff.* Check for damaged or missing guards. Repair or replace any damaged or missing guards.
Oil Level Gauge (Dipstick):(1) ENGINE STOPPED sideLOW IDLE side (2) ADD mark, and FULL mark.* Check the oil level. The ENGINE STOPPED side of the dipstick is marked to read when the engine is stopped. The LOW IDLE side of the dipstick is marked to read when the engine is at low idle. Maintain the oil level between the ADD and FULL marks.* Check the coolant level. Make sure the engine is cool. Remove the radiator or expansion tank filler cap slowly to relieve any pressure. Maintain the coolant to within 13mm (1/2 inch) of the bottom of the fill pipe.* Observe the air cleaner service indicator (if equipped). Service the air cleaner when the yellow diaphragm enters the red zone, or the red piston locks in the visible position.Electric Starting
Startability will be improved at temperatures below 12°C (55°F) by the use of a starting aid. A jacket water (coolant) heater or other means can be used to heat the crankcase oil.
Do not crank the engine for more than 30 seconds. Allow the starter motor to cool for two minutes before cranking again.
If the engine does not start within ten seconds, move the governor control lever to the FUEL OFF position. Crank the engine for another ten seconds to clear the cylinders of unburned fuel.Start the engine using the following procedure:1. Perform all prestart checks.2. Place the transmission in NEUTRAL. Disengage the flywheel clutch (if equipped).3. Move throttle to approximately half engine speed to get the fuel rack to move to the FUEL ON position.4. Depending on your type of starting controls:* turn the battery disconnect switch to the ON position, or * turn the starter switch to START position.5. Reduce speed to low idle. Allow the engine to idle for three to five minutes, or until the water temperature gauge indicator has begun to rise. The engine should run at low idle smoothly until speed is gradually increased to high idle.6. Allow white smoke to clear up and proceed with normal operation. Do not apply load to the engine or increase engine speed until the oil pressure gauge indicates normal. Oil pressure should raise within 15 seconds after the engine starts.For starting in cold weather, to minimize white smoke: start the engine and allow the engine to idle for 30 seconds. Increase rpm until engine speed reaches 1200 rpm. Then allow the engine to return to low idle.7. Operate the engine at low load until all systems reach operating temperature. Check all gauges during the warm-up period.Starting From An External Power Source
Batteries give off flammable fumes that can explode.Improper jumper cable connections can cause an explosion resulting in personal injury. Do not allow jump start cable ends to contact each other or the engine.Prevent sparks near the batteries. Sparks could cause vapors to explode. Do not allow jumper cable ends to contact each other or the engine.Do not smoke when observing the battery electrolyte levels.Always wear protective glasses when working with batteries.Electrolyte is an acid and can cause personal injury if it contacts skin or eyes.
First, determine the reason it is necessary to start with power from an external source. Refer to SEHS7668 for information on using the 6V2150 Starting/Charging Analyzer Group.If the installation is not equipped with a backup battery system, an external electrical source may be required for starting.Many batteries which are considered unusable are still rechargeable. Severely discharged maintenance free batteries might not fully recharge from the alternator alone after jump starting. The batteries must be charged to the proper voltage with a battery charger. For complete information on testing and charging, refer to SEHS7633, the Battery Test Procedure. The Special Instruction is available from your Caterpillar dealer.Engines installed without engine-to-frame ground straps can be damaged by electrical discharge.In order to prevent electrical discharge damage, make sure the engine's electrical system has an engine-to-frame ground strap.For engines which have the alternator connected to an engine component, the ground strap must connect that component to the frame.Some engines have starter-to-frame ground straps. Many of these starters have electrical insulation systems and