875548 Volvo.Penta Piston ring kit

Fresh Water Circuit
Illustration 1 g06014734
C7.1 Propulsion Fresh Water Cooling System
(1) Bleed
(2) Header Tank/Heat Exchanger
(3) Turbocharger
(4) Thermostat
(5) Engine
(6) Fresh Water PumpDuring engine operation, water pump (6) draws engine coolant from heat exchanger (2). The water pump creates coolant flow through the system. The water pump is installed on the front of the timing case. The water pump is gear-driven by the fuel injection pump gear.Water pump (6) forces the coolant through a passage in the front of the timing case to the water jacket in the top left side of the cylinder block. Two-thirds of the coolant are used to cool the cylinder block. The coolant continues to the rear of the cylinder block through the oil cooler and the coolant is diverted to the following locations:
Exhaust manifold
Cylinder headThe coolant flows forward through the cylinder head and into the thermostat (4). If the thermostat is closed, the coolant goes directly through a bypass to the inlet side of water pump (6). If the thermostat is open, the bypass is closed and the coolant flows to heat exchanger (2) to be cooled. After the coolant flows through the heat exchanger, the coolant is mixed with coolant that is returning from exhaust manifold and preheater (if equipped).Sea Water Circuit
Illustration 2 g06014772
C7.1 Propulsion Sea Water Cooling System
(2) Header Tank/Heat Exchanger
(5) Engine
(7) Water Cooled Exhaust (optional)
(8) Gearbox Oil Cooler (optional)
(9) Aftercooler
(10) Fuel Cooler
(11) Auxiliary Water PumpDuring engine operation, auxiliary water pump (11) draws cool sea water into the system. The auxiliary water pump, pumps the sea water to aftercooler (9). The cool sea water flows through aftercooler (9) to cool the hot inlet air. From the aftercooler, the sea water flows to heat exchanger (2) to cool the hot engine coolant. After leaving the heat exchanger, the sea water is then discharged.Keel Cooling
Illustration 3 g06381509
C7.1 Propulsion Keel Cooling System
(1) Remote Tank
(2) Exhaust Manifold
(3) Thermostat
(4) Engine
(5) Fresh Water Pump
(6) Auxiliary Water Pump
(7) Aftercooler
(8) Fuel Cooler
(9) Gearbox Oil Cooler (Optional)
(10) Aftercooler Grid Cooler
(11) Jacket Grid CoolerKeel cooling or skin cooling is a closed circuit method of cooling both the engine and charger air. To provide engine protection an antifreeze mixture must be used for both the engine and charge air cooling circuits. The nominal antifreeze mixture:
50% Glycol in cold climatesThe coolant specified here is mandatory for use in the climates specified to ensure that adequate levels of corrosion inhibitor are present. A 50% mixture will give protection down to −37° C (−34.6° F).A properly designed and installed cooling system is essential for satisfactory engine life and performance.This system uses a group of tubes, pipes, or channels attached to the outside of the hull below the waterline as a heat exchanger. Keel coolers are used in preference to the standard raw water-cooled engine-mounted heat exchanger when operating in areas that have heavy silt and debris in the water that would erode the heat exchanger tubes or block them.Keel cooling is used in Arctic conditions to avoid the problems of freezing that is experienced with the raw water circuit on the heat exchanger cooling system.Keel coolers are available in standard designs from several manufactures. These units are simple to install and are sized by the manufacturer for the engine model and boat application. Commercial coolers are made of erosion resistant materials and have a relatively high heat transfer efficiency.The disadvantage of external keel coolers is that they are vulnerable to damage and must be guarded. An alternative to the commercially available coolers is fabricated keel coolers manufactured by the boat builder as part of the hull construction. These coolers are not as efficient and must be designed oversize to allow for a decrease in performance that follows the formation of rust, scale, and marine growth on the keel cooler.If the engine is a replacement package and the original cooling system, keel cooler and expansion tank, is to be reused, then it is essential that the system be thoroughly flushed to remove sludge that may be in the system. Failure to remove sludge could block air bleeds leading to the engine overheating.Sizing the Coolers
Commercial keel coolers are manufactured in variety of sizes and shapes. The keel cooler manufacturer will recommend and a keel cooler when provided with the following data:
Glycol mixture to be used.
Engine model and rating.
Engine specification sheet.
Heat Rejection.
Engine coolant flow rates.
Max. coolant temperatures from grid cooler.
Maximum raw water temperature.
Pipe connections.