866759 Volvo.Penta Plug

Illustration 1 g01140556
Flow diagram of the fuel system
(1) Fuel injection nozzles
(2) Electronic fuel priming pump and secondary fuel filter
(3) Fuel injection pump
(4) Primary fuel filter/water separator
(5) Fuel tank
(6) Fuel return line
(7) Fuel supply line The 3054E engine is equipped with a Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump. This pump is an axial piston distributor injection pump that is controlled by the Electronic Control Module (ECM).The axial piston distributor injection pump generates injection pressure for all cylinders in a single pump. The injection pump is responsible for the distribution of fuel to the fuel injection nozzles. The injection pressure is generated by an axially moving piston. The movement of the piston is parallel to the fuel injection pump shaft.When the engine is cranking, the fuel is pulled from fuel tank (5) through primary fuel filter/water separator (4) by fuel priming pump (2). When the fuel passes through the water separator, any water in the fuel will go to the bottom of the bowl. The fuel priming pump is equipped with a secondary fuel filter. From the fuel priming pump, the fuel passes through the fuel supply line to fuel injection pump (3). The fuel injection pump sends fuel through the high pressure fuel lines to fuel injection nozzles (1). The fuel injection nozzles spray atomized fuel into the cylinder.The fuel injection pump needs fuel for lubrication. The precision parts of the pump are easily damaged. The engine must not be started until the fuel injection pump is full of fuel. The system must be primed when any part of the system is drained of fuel. The fuel system needs priming when a fuel filter is changed, and/or when a fuel line is removed, and/or when the fuel injection pump is replaced.Fuel Injection Pump
Illustration 2 g01140815
Schematic of the Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump
(1) ECM
(2) Electronic Control Unit (ECU) for the fuel injection pump
(3) Fuel priming pump
(4) Speed/timing sensor
(5) Cam ring
(6) Fuel solenoid valve
(7) Pressure regulator
(8) Distributor plunger
(9) Fuel transfer pump
(10) Fuel injection nozzle
(11) Timing solenoid valve
(12) Timing advance mechanism
(13) Roller
(14) Cam plate
(15) Delivery valve The fuel injection pump has the following operations:
Delivery
Generation of high pressure
Distribution and injection
Timing
Shutoff
ControlDelivery
Illustration 3 g01140827
Center view of the Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump
(9) Fuel transfer pump Fuel is supplied by the head pressure of the priming pump. The fuel enters fuel transfer pump (9) of the fuel injection pump. The fuel transfer pump is a vane pump. The transfer pump is driven by the fuel injection pump shaft. The pump supplies a constant amount of fuel to the interior of the fuel injection pump. The revolution of the transfer pump is directly related to the speed of the fuel injection pump shaft.
Illustration 4 g01140857
Fuel transfer pump for the Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump
(5) Cam ring
(16) Pump housing
(17) Outlet passage
(18) Rotor
(19) Vane
(20) Inlet passage Rotor (18) rotates inside cam ring (5). The ring is firmly attached to pump housing (16). Vanes (19) are pressed against the ring by centrifugal force. The fuel flows through inlet passage (20) then into a recess in the pump housing.The eccentric position of the rotor is relative to the cam ring. A volume is created between the vanes, the rotor, and the cam ring. The fuel is transported by the eccentric position. The eccentric position is relative to the rotor and outlet passage (17). The fuel is transfered to the outlet passage into the distributor plunger. The volume of the fuel is reduced between the inlet passage and the outlet passage. This creates pressure before the delivery to the distributor plunger. The quantity of fuel increases as the speed of the engine increases. Increased engine speed increases the delivery pressure of the fuel. The pressure inside the pump is limited by a pressure regulator (7). The pressure regulator controls the fuel pressure. The fuel forces the valve spring open and the fuel flows back into the inlet passage from the inside of the fuel injection pump.Generation of High Pressure
Illustration 5 g01140929
The distributor rotor and the cam plate of the Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump
(5) Cam ring
(13) Roller
(14) Cam plate
(8) Distributor plunger
(21) Head of the distributor
(22) Springs The fuel comes from the outlet passage of the fuel transfer pump (9). The high pressure is generated by the axial movement of the distributor plunger (8). The cam plate (14) is driven by the fuel injection pump shaft. The cam plate (14) has four cams. The number of cams corresponds to the number of cylinders of the engine. The cams on the cam plate (14) run on the rollers (13). The rollers (13) are fixed on the cam ring (5). The rotating movement and the lifting movement of the cam plate (14) generates high pressure.The cam plate (14) moves the distributor plunger (8) toward the head of the distributor (21). The high pressure is created by a decrease in the volume between the distributor plunger (8) and the head of the distributor (21). The cam plate (14) is pressed to the cam ring (5) by two springs (22). This brings the distributor plunger (8) back to the original position. The fuel solenoid valve (6) closes the high pressure volume.Distribution and Injection
Illustration 6 g01140974
The rear view of the Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump
(6) Fuel solenoid valve
(15) Delivery valve
(11) Timing solenoid valve The distribution of fuel to the fuel injection nozzles (10) takes place through the rotating movement of the distributor plunger (8). The fuel solenoid valve (6) meters the amount of fuel by the following operations:
Time of closure
Duration time
Start of injection
Amount of fuel