866220 Volvo.Penta Pulley

Illustration 1 g00803940
Engine Oil Flow Of The Lubrication System
(1) Reduced oil pressure
(2) Splash lubrication
(3) Baffle type of engine oil cooler (if equipped)
(4) Full oil pressure
(5) Coolant lines
(6) Engine oil pump
(7) Suction line
(8) Engine oil filter
(9) Canister type of engine oil cooler (if equipped) Pressure for the lubrication system is supplied by an engine oil pump (6) which is a rotor type oil pump. The engine oil pump is driven through an idler gear from the crankshaft gear. The engine oil pump has an inner rotor and an outer rotor. The axes of rotation of the rotors are off-center relative to each other. There is a key between the inner rotor and the drive shaft. The inner rotor has six lobes which mesh with the seven lobes of the outer rotor. When the inner lobe rotates, the distance increases between the lobes of the outer rotor and the lobes of the inner rotor in order to create suction. When the distance decreases between the lobes, pressure is created. Engine oil from the engine oil pan flows through a strainer and suction line (7) into the inlet of the engine oil pump. The engine oil flows from the outlet side of the pump through a line to a relief valve. The relief valve is installed near the bottom of the left side of the cylinder block. The relief valve on the engine oil pump opens if the engine oil pressure is too high. The lubricating oil which flows through the relief valve is returned to the engine oil pan. The engine oil which flows past the relief valve goes to the baffle type of engine oil cooler (3), if equipped. The baffle type of engine oil cooler has seven cooling plates. If the engine is equipped with a canister type of engine oil cooler (9), the engine lubricating oil will flow from the engine oil relief valve of the engine oil pump to the engine oil filter. The engine oil which flows through the canister type of the engine oil cooler is cooled by the water/antifreeze coolant that flows through coolant lines (5). The baffle type of engine oil cooler (3) or the canister type of engine oil cooler (9) and the engine oil filter (8) are installed on the left side of the cylinder block.The engine oil flows from the engine oil filter through a passage drilled across the cylinder block to the engine oil gallery. The oil gallery is drilled through the total length of the left side of the cylinder block.Engine oil flows from the engine oil gallery through oil passages at full oil pressure (4) to the main bearings of the crankshaft. The engine oil then flows through passages in the crankshaft to the large end bearings of the connecting rod. The pistons and the cylinder bores are lubricated by splash lubrication (2) and the mist of the engine oil.Engine oil flows from the main bearings to the journals of the camshaft through oil passages in the cylinder block. The engine oil flows from the center journal of the camshaft through an oil passage in the cylinder block. The engine oil flows through the passage in the cylinder block to the cylinder head. The engine oil then flows into the rocker arm shaft at a reduced oil pressure (1) to the rocker arm levers. The valve stems, the valve springs and the valve lifters are lubricated by splash lubrication (2) and the mist of the engine oil.The hub of the idler gear is lubricated by engine oil from the engine oil gallery. The timing gears are lubricated by the engine oil with splash lubrication (2).The turbocharger is lubricated by engine oil from the engine oil filter through the engine block. An external line from the engine block supplies engine oil to the turbocharger. The engine oil then flows through a line to the engine oil pan.Piston cooling jets are installed in turbocharged engines. The piston cooling jets are connected to the engine oil gallery. The piston cooling jets spray engine oil on the underside of the pistons in order to cool the pistons.Closed Crankcase Ventilation System
Illustration 2 g00604510
Closed Crankcase Ventilation System
(1) Hose
(2) Breather Canister
(3) Hose
(4) Hose
(5) Tube
(6) Breather Tube (drain to oil pan) The closed crankcase ventilation system (if equipped) allows engine blowby to escape from the crankcase. The engine blowby is routed from the valve mechanism cover, through a hose (1), and into the breather canister (2). The breather canister contains a separator element which removes the engine oil from the fumes. The engine oil returns to the engine oil pan through a hose (4), a tube (5) and a breather tube (6) (drain to oil pan). The remaining fumes are routed through a hose (3) into the air inlet of the turbocharger. The closed crankcase ventilation system prevents high crankcase pressure which could cause seals or gaskets to leak.