242517 Volvo.Penta Rocker arm

Probable Causes
Diagnostic codes
ECM parameters
Accessory and/or parasitic loads
Flash file
Throttle signal
Air intake and exhaust system
Turbocharger
Fuel supply
Return fuel lines
Low compression (cylinder pressure)
Electronic unit injectors
Individual malfunctioning cylinders
Table 1
Associated Diagnostic Trouble Codes
J1939 Code
157-18 Recommended Actions
Note: The procedures have been listed in order of probability. Complete the procedures in order.
Table 2
Troubleshooting Test Steps Values Results
1. Diagnostic Codes
A. Establish communication between the electronic service tool and the Electronic Control Module (ECM). Refer to Troubleshooting, "Electronic Service Tools", if necessary.
B. Use the electronic service tool to check for active or logged codes.
Diagnostic codes
Result: There are active or logged codes.
Repair: Troubleshoot any codes before continuing with this procedure.
Result: There are no active or logged codes.
Proceed to Test Step 2.
2. ECM Parameters
A. Use the electronic service tool to verify that the correct engine parameters are being used. Refer to Troubleshooting, "Configuration Parameters" for additional information.
B. If applicable, verify that all parameters for any parasitic loads are correct.
Parameters
Result: The parameters are not configured correctly.
Repair: Correctly configure the parameters.
Verify that the configuration change eliminated the fault.
Result: The parameters are configured correctly.
Proceed to Test Step 3.
3. Accessory and/or Parasitic Loads
A. Check all accessory equipment for problems that may create excessive load on the engine.
B. Check for any excess parasitic load on the engine.
Parasitic loads
Result: There is an excessive load on the engine.
Repair: Diagnose and repair the fault.
Verify that the repair eliminated the fault.
Result: There is not an excessive load on the engine.
Proceed to Test Step 4.
4. Flash File
A. Verify that the latest flash file is installed in the Electronic Control Module (ECM). Refer to Troubleshooting, "ECM Software - Install" for the correct procedure.
Flash file
Result: The latest flash file is not installed in the ECM.
Repair: Install the latest flash file. Verify that the repair eliminated the fault.
Result: The latest flash file is installed in the ECM.
Proceed to Test Step 5.
5. Throttle Signal
A. Use the electronic service tool and observe the throttle signal. Make sure that the throttle reaches the 100% raw position and the calibrated position.
CAN data link
Result: The throttle signal is erratic or does not reach the 100% raw position or the calibrated position.
Repair: Refer to the appropriate circuit test for the type of throttle that is installed.
Result: The throttle signal is OK.
Proceed to Test Step 6.
6. Air Intake and Exhaust System
A. Check the air filter restriction indicator, if equipped.
B. Check the air intake and the exhaust system for the following defects:
Signs of dirt ingress
Blockages
Restrictions
Damage to the air intake and exhaust lines and hose
C. Check for ECM codes for inlet air restriction:
107-15: Engine Air Filter 1 Differential Pressure high - least severe (1)
107-16: Engine Air Filter 1 Differential Pressure high - moderate severity (2)
D. Check the engine has not exceeded the service interval for the air cleaner element. Refer to Operation and Maintenance Manual.
Air intake and exhaust system
Result: The air filter restriction indicator has operated or the air filter is blocked.
Repair: Make sure that the air filter is clean and serviceable. If necessary, replace the air filter.
Result: The air intake or the exhaust system is blocked, restricted, or damaged.
Repair: Repair the air intake or the exhaust system, as required.
Result: A 107-15 or 107-16 code is active
Repair: Refer to Troubleshooting, Inlet Air is Restricted.
Result: The service interval for the air cleaner element has been exceeded.
Repair: Replace the air cleaner element. Refer to Operation and Maintenance Manual, Engine Air Cleaner Element - Replace.
Result: The air intake or the exhaust system is OK.
Proceed to Test Step 7.
7. Turbocharger
Note: The turbocharger that is installed on the engine is a non-serviceable item. If any mechanical fault exists, then the faulty turbocharger must be replaced.
A. Ensure that the mounting bolts for the turbocharger are tight.
B. Check that the oil drain for the turbocharger is not blocked or restricted.
C. Check that the compressor housing for the turbocharger is free of dirt and debris. Make sure that the housing is not damaged.
D. Check that the turbine housing for the turbocharger is free of dirt and debris. Make sure that the housing is not damaged.
E. Check that the turbine blades rotate freely in the turbocharger.
Turbocharger
Note: Some oil residue/pooling may be seen, but this is not an indication that the turbo has failed. If the compressor and turbine blades are undamaged and rotate freely, it is likely the turbocharger is fault free.
Result: There is a fault in the turbocharger.
Repair: Replace the turbocharger. Refer to Disassembly and Assembly, "Turbocharger - Remove" and Disassembly and Assembly, "Turbocharger - Install".
Result: The turbocharger is OK.
Proceed to Test Step 8.
Contact with high pressure fuel may cause fluid penetration and burn hazards. High pressure fuel spray may cause a fire hazard. Failure to follow these inspection, maintenance and service instructions may cause personal injury or death.
Contact with high-pressure fuel may cause personal injury or death. Wait 10 minutes after the engine has stopped to allow fuel pressure to purge before any service or repair is performed on the engine fuel lines.
Table 3
Troubleshooting Test Steps Values Results
8. Fuel Supply
A. Check for leaks from the high-pressure fuel lines.
B. Ensure that the vent in the fuel cap is not filled with debris.
C. Ensure that the fuel supply valve (if equipped) is in the full OPEN position.
D. If the temperature is below 0 °C (32 °F), check for solidified fuel (wax).
E. Check the primary filter/water separator for water in the fuel.
F. Check for fuel supply lines that are restricted.
G. Replace the in-line fuel filter that is installed upstream of the Electric Priming Pump (EPP).
H. Replace the primary fuel filter. Replace the secondary fuel filter (if equipped).
I. Check the diesel fuel for contamination. Refer to Systems Operation, Testing, and Adjusting, "Fuel Quality - Test".
J. Check for air in the fuel system. Refer to Systems Operation, Testing, and Adjusting, "Air in Fuel - Test".
Fuel system
Result: There is a leak from a high-pressure fuel line.
Repair: Replace the high-pressu