876598 Volvo.Penta Rubber element

Electronic Controls
Electronic Control Module
The ECM supplies signals to the Electronic Fuel Injectors. The ECM signals control the engine operation. The ECM consists of two main components, the control computer (hardware) and the Personality Module (software). The control computer consists of a microprocessor and electronic circuitry. The Personality Module is the software for the control computer which contains operating maps that define power and torque curves.The ECM governs engine speed. Desired engine rpm is determined by the throttle position sensor signal and certain sensor readings. Diagnostic codes may derate the engine. Actual engine rpm is determined by the Engine Speed/Timing signal.Front/Rear/Master ECM
The Front Engine ECM and the Rear Engine ECM receive most of the input signals from the sensors that are located on the engine. The Front Engine ECM and the Rear Engine ECM also receive information from the Master ECM. The Master ECM makes sure that the Front Engine ECM and the Rear Engine ECM have the same fuel limits. The Master ECM sends governing information to the Front Engine ECM and the Rear Engine ECM through the CAN Data Link. The Master ECM physically receives the input signal that must be sent to both engine modules.Fuel Injection
The ECM controls the timing of the Fuel injectors. The ECM varies the signals to the Fuel injectors. Fuel is injected ONLY while the injector's solenoid is energized by a 105 volt signal from the ECM. By controlling the timing and duration of the 105 volt signal, the ECM controls the fuel injection timing, the quantity of fuel and the desired engine rpm.Injection timing depends on engine rpm, load, and other operational factors. The ECM detects the top center of each cylinder. The ECM sends an injection signal at the desired time. The ECM limits engine power during cold mode operation.The ECM modifies the injection timing and the ECM cuts out the cylinders. This will increase startability and this will reduce warm up time. Cold Mode is activated whenever the engine coolant temperature falls below a predetermined value. Cold Mode remains active until the engine has warmed or a time limit is exceeded.The ECM is programmed at the factory which limits the quantity of fuel that can be injected. The Fuel Ratio Control (FRC) controls the fuel limit in order to limit smoke emissions. The FRC utilizes the following information: engine speed, turbocharger outlet pressure, atmospheric pressure, coolant temperature and manual adjustment to FRC.The FRC Fuel Position is increased when the ECM senses a higher turbocharger compressor outlet pressure. This will allow more fuel into the cylinder. The Rated Fuel Position is a limit that is based on the engine power rating. This is similar to the rack stops and the torque spring on a mechanically governed engine. The Rated Fuel Position provides power. The Rated Fuel Position provides the power curves and the torque curves for a specific engine family.Diagram For The Basic Engine Block
Illustration 1 g00943058Diagram For The Basic Engine Block
Illustration 2 g00886023Diagram For The Basic Engine Block
Illustration 3 g00886022Location Of The Engine Sensors
Illustration 4 g00582683
Left Side View
(1) Coolant temperature sensor (Front engine)
(2) Filtered engine oil pressure sensor (Front engine)
(3) Fuel filter differential pressure switch (Front engine)
(4) Crankcase pressure sensor (Front engine)
(5) ECM (Front engine)
(6) Atmospheric pressure sensor (Front engine)
(7) Secondary engine speed/timing sensor (Front engine)
(8) Fuel filter differential pressure switch (Rear engine)
(9) Unfiltered engine oil pressure sensor (Rear engine)
(10) Cylinder head 1 (Front engine)
(11) Oil level switch (Front engine)
(12) Cylinder head 3 (Front engine)
(13) Cylinder head 5 (Front engine)
(14) Unfiltered engine oil pressure sensor (Front engine)
(15) Cylinder head 7 (Front engine)
(16) Cylinder head 9 (Front engine)
(17) Cylinder head 11 (Front engine)
(18) Primary engine speed/timing sensor (Front engine)
(19) Master ECM
(20) Atmospheric pressure sensor (Rear engine)
(21) ECM (Rear engine)
(22) Filtered engine oil pressure sensor (Rear engine)
(23) Crankcase pressure sensor (Rear engine)
(24) Primary engine speed/timing sensor (Rear engine)
(25) Secondary engine speed/timing sensor (Rear engine) Location Of The Engine Sensors
Illustration 5 g00583425
Right Side View
(26) Right turbocharger compressor inlet pressure sensor (Rear engine)
(27) Right turbocharger compressor inlet pressure sensor (Front engine)
(28) Oil level switch (Rear engine)
(29) Coolant flow switch (Front engine) Location Of The Engine Sensors
Illustration 6 g00886049
Top View
(25) Engine speed/timing sensor (Rear engine)
(30) Left exhaust temperature sensor (Rear engine)
(31) Prelube relay (Rear engine)
(32) Left exhaust temperature sensor (Front engine)
(33) Alternator 2 ground (Front engine)
(34) Alternator 2 (Front engine)
(35) Transmission input speed sensor (Front engine)
(36) Aftercooler temperature sensor (Rear engine)
(37) Right exhaust temperature sensor (Rear engine)
(38) Turbocharger compressor outlet pressure sensor (Rear engine)
(39) Aftercooler temperature sensor (Front engine)
(40) Right exhaust temperature sensor (Front engine)
(41) Turbocharger compressor outlet pressure sensor (Front engine)
(42) Alternator 1 ground (Front engine)
(43) Alternator 1 (Front engine)