842304 Volvo.Penta Spring

Structure and Operation
Lubrication System
1 Main oil gallery2 Bypass valve3 Bypass valve4 Full-flow filter element5 Bypass filter element6 Oil cooler7 Oil pump8 Relief valve9 Oil strainer10 Regulator valve11 Oil jet12 Timing chain13 Main bearing14 Crankshaft15 Connecting rod bearing16 Connecting rod bushing17 Piston18 Check valve for oil jet19 Idler sprocket bushing20 Tensioner21 Vacuum pump22 Engine oil pressure switch23 Camshaft bearing (No. 1)24 Camshaft25 Camshaft journal26 Valve mechanism27 Oil panA OrificeOil Pump
* This engine uses a gear-type oil pump driven by the rotation of the crankshaft transmitted through the engagement of the crankshaft gear and the oil pump gear.* The oil pump has a relief valve (containing a steel ball and relief valve spring), which prevents excessive pressure from building up inside the lubricating system by allowing part of the engine oil to escape to the oil pan when the oil pressure exceeds a specified level.Oil Cooler and Oil Filter
Bypass valve
* When the engine oil is cool and its viscosity is high, or when the oil cooler element becomes clogged and restricts the flow of the engine oil, the bypass valve opens to let the engine oil bypass the oil cooler and flow directly to the oil filter. Regulator valve
* When the oil pressure in the main oil gallery exceeds the specified level, the regulator valve opens to adjust the oil pressure by allowing part of the engine oil to escape to the oil pan.Oil Filter <Engine-mounted Type>
* This oil filter is a spin-on paper-filter type that incorporates both a bypass filter and a full-flow filter. * A bypass valve is installed in the lower part of the oil filter. When the filter elements are clogged, this valve opens to let the engine oil bypass the filter elements and flow directly to the main oil gallery, thereby preventing seizures in the engine.Lubrication of Engine Components
* The engine oil in the main oil gallery lubricates the engine components in the following ways.Main bearing and connecting rod bearing
* Engine oil supplied through an oil passage in the crankshaft lubricates the big end (connecting rod bearing) of each connecting rod. Simultaneously, engine oil supplied through an oil passage in the connecting rod lubricates the connecting rod's small end.Valve mechanism
* The engine oil flows from the main oil gallery to the oil passages in the cylinder head to lubricate every journal on the camshaft, and then returns to the oil pan.Check valves and oil jets
* An oil jet is fitted in the lower part of the subgallery for each cylinder. * Engine oil is sprayed out of the oil jet into the piston to cool the piston.* Each oil jet is fitted with a check valve that opens and closes at predetermined oil pressure levels. At low engine speeds, the check valve closes to maintain the required volume of oil in the lubrication system and prevent reductions in oil pressure.Idler shaft
Timing chain
* The engine oil from the main oil gallery is sprayed out of the oil jet onto the timing chain.Troubleshooting
General Inspection and Adjustment
Oil Filter Replacement
Engine-mounted type
Lubricant and/or sealant Special tools
* Wipe up any spilled engine oil, as it can cause fires.* To avoid any risk of burns, take care not to touch the engine oil when the engine is hot.
* Make sure not to put any engine oil on the belt when working on the oil filter. Belts soiled with oil or grease may easily slip, resulting in deteriorated performance of the cooling system.* Do not reuse the oil filter elements by washing.
[Removal] [Installation] * Clean the oil filter mounting surfaces of the oil cooler.* Apply a thin coat of engine oil on the oil filter gasket.* Screw in the oil filter by hand until the gasket touches the oil cooler. Then, tighten the filter by turning it further by five eighths (5/8) of a turn.* After installing the oil filter, start the engine and check that there are no oil leaks.* Remove and reinstall the oil filter if it is leaky.* Stop the engine and check the engine oil level.* Add engine oil if necessary.Engine separately mounted type
Lubricant and/or sealant
* Wipe up any spilled engine oil, as it can cause fires.* To avoid any risk of burns, take care not to touch the engine oil when the engine is hot.
* Make sure not to put any engine oi