946082 Volvo.Penta T-nipple

Model year 2007 and newer (U.S. EPA 2007 certified) on-highway diesel engines REQUIRE the use of Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) fuel (≤ 15 ppm sulfur)."Sulfur-free" diesel fuel (≤ 10 ppm sulfur) is strongly recommended for use in "EURO IV" certified on-highway diesel engines, while diesel fuel with ≤ 50 ppm sulfur is acceptable.Low Sulfur Diesel (LSD) fuel (≤ 500 ppm sulfur) is strongly recommended (required in the U.S.) for use in model year 2006 and older on-highway diesel engines, while diesel fuel with ≤ 5000 ppm sulfur is acceptable for use in areas of the world where allowed by law. Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) equipped engines require the use of LSD fuel or ULSD fuel.
Note: In the U.S., burning fuel with greater than 15 ppm sulfur in model year 2007 and newer on-highway diesel engines is illegal and punishable with civil penalties.In the United States (U.S.), LSD will have 0.05 percent (500 ppm) maximum sulfur. ULSD will have 0.0015 percent (15 ppm) maximum sulfur. Refer to this Special Publication, "Distillate Diesel Fuel" article for additional information. Also, refer to the most current revision level of "ASTM D975 (Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils)" for additional information.Note: "ASTM D975" currently allows up to 5 percent biodiesel blends. Refer to this Special Publication, "Fuel Specifications" and the "Biodiesel" topic for guidance when biodiesel will be used.In Europe, the commonly available diesel fuel will have 0.005 percent (50 ppm) maximum sulfur. In Europe, ULSD fuel will have 0.0010 percent (10 ppm) maximum sulfur, and is typically referred to as "sulfur-free". Refer to the most current revision level of "European Standard EN 590 (Automotive Fuels - Diesel - Requirements and Test Methods)" for additional information.Note: "EN 590" currently allows up to 5 percent biodiesel blends. Refer to the "Fuel Specifications" section and the "Biodiesel" topic in this Special Publication for guidance when biodiesel will be used.In the United States (U.S.), a new 0.0015 percent (15 ppm) limit on fuel sulfur was introduced for the on-highway diesel engine market in October of 2006. Owners of model year 2007 and newer (U.S. EPA 2007 certified) on-highway diesel engines must refuel only with ULSD. Owners of 2006 and older model year on-highway diesel engines may use ULSD or LSD fuel during the transition period. In the U.S., starting December of 2010, only ULSD will be available for on-highway use. The 2007 and newer on-highway diesel engines are designed to operate on ULSD. Use of LSD or other fuels with more than 15 ppm sulfur in these engines will reduce engine efficiency and engine durability, and may damage emission control systems. Failures that result from the use of fuels are not Caterpillar factory defects. Therefore, the cost of repair would not be covered by a Caterpillar warranty.Note: The fuel lubricity is important. You should consider the fuel's lubricity whenever you operate the equipment in arctic weather. Also, you should consider the fuel's lubricity whenever you use fuels that are lower in viscosity or that have been hydro-treated. There are many aftermarket additives that are available to treat fuel. If the fuel's lubricity is an issue, consult your fuel supplier for proper recommendations regarding fuel additives. Also, refer to this Special Publication, "Distillate Diesel Fuel (Fuel Recommendations for On-Highway Diesel Engines)" article, "Aftermarket Fuel Additives" and "Cat Diesel Fuel Conditioner" topics.The fluid's lubricity describes the ability of the fluid to reduce the friction between surfaces that are under load. This ability reduces the damage that is caused by friction. Fuel injection systems rely on the lubricating properties of the fuel. Until fuel sulfur limits were mandated, the fuel's lubricity was generally believed to be a function of fuel viscosity.The process that is most commonly used to remove sulfur from fuel is called hydro-treatment. This process is also the most economical process. Each source of crude oil contains different amounts of sulfur. Crude oils typically require hydro-treatment to obtain the 0.0015 percent maximum sulfur limit. Crude oils with high sulfur require a more severe treatment.The hydro-treatment removes the fuel's sulfur as well as other components. The treatment removes nitrogen compounds, polar materials, bicyclic aromatics, polycyclic aromatics, and oxygen compounds. While the removal of sulfur has shown no detrimental effects to the engine, the removal of other compounds have lowered the lubricity of the fuel. As a result of the lowered lubricity, the fuel is less tolerant of contamination by water and dirt. The lower fuel lubricity can be seen as abrasive wear of fuel system components. Fuels that have a low lubricity may not provide adequate lubrication to plungers, to barrels, and to injectors. This problem may be compounded in areas that require winter blends of fuel. The lighter winter fuel blend has the following characteristics: lower viscosity, lower cloud point and lower pour point.When required, the fuel's lubricity may be enhanced with additives. Many fuel suppliers treat the fuel with these additives. Do not use a fuel lubricity additive before you consult the fuel's supplier. Some aftermarket additives may not be compatible with the additives that are already in the fuel, and some may damage emission control systems. Some additive packages that are supplied by the aftermarket manufacturer may not be compatible with the seals that are used in fuel systems of some diesel engines. Other additive packages that are supplied by aftermarket manufacturers cannot provide proper performance in high temperature conditions. These additives may leave deposits because of the high temperatures that exist in the fuel systems of diesel engines.Maximum life of the fuel system can be achieved by performing the following tasks: using a reliable fuel supplier and performing proper maintenance of the fuel system. Caterpillar Advanced Efficiency fuel filters are required for diesel engines that run on diesel fuel in order to provide maximum life to the fuel system.Note: Lighter fuels are frequently used in arctic temperatures. Lighter fuels may include the following fuels: Jet A, Jet A-1, JP-8, JP-5 and kerosene. The specifications that apply to these fuels do not include a