835794 Volvo.Penta Tappet

Illustration 1 g00292549
Electronic control system components (left side view) (1) Grommet for injector harness (2) Injection actuation pressure sensor (3) Air inlet heater (4) Inlet air temperature sensor (5) Atmospheric pressure sensor (if equipped) (6) Boost pressure sensor (7) Engine harness connector J2/P2 (8) Engine ground stud connection (9) Vehicle harness connector J1/P1 (10) Oil temperature sensor (if equipped) (11) Injection actuation pressure control valve (12) Engine speed/timing sensors (13) Coolant temperature sensor (14) Oil pressure sensor (if equipped) (15) Engine Control Module (ECM)
Illustration 2 g00292594
Electronic control system components (top view) (1) Grommet for injector harness (2) Injection actuation pressure sensor (3) Air inlet heater (4) Inlet air temperature sensor (5) Atmospheric pressure sensor (if equipped) (6) Boost pressure sensor (8) Engine ground stud connection (11) Injection actuation pressure control valve (16) Relay for the air inlet heaterThe electronic control system is integrally designed into the engine's fuel system and the engine's air inlet and exhaust system in order to electronically control the fuel delivery and the injection timing. The electronic control system provides increased timing control and fuel air ratio control in comparison to conventional mechanical engines. Injection timing is achieved by the precise control of the injector firing time. Engine rpm is controlled by adjusting the injection duration. The Engine Control Module (ECM) energizes the unit injector solenoids in order to start the injection of fuel. Also, the Engine Control Module (ECM) de-energizes the unit injector solenoids in order to stop the injection of fuel. Refer to Systems Operation/Testing And Adjusting, "HEUI Injector Operation" for a complete explanation of the fuel injection process.The engine uses the following three types of electronic components:
Input component
Control component
Output componentAn input component is one that sends an electrical signal to the ECM of the system. The signal that is sent varies in either of the following ways:
Voltage
Frequency
Pulse widthThe variation of the signal is in response to a change in some specific system of the vehicle. Some specific examples of an input component are the engine speed-timing sensors, the coolant temperature sensor, and the cruise control switches. The ECM interprets the signal from the input component as information about the condition, environment, or operation of the vehicle.A control component (ECM) receives the input signals from the input components. Electronic circuits inside the control component evaluate the signals from the input components. These electronic circuits also supply electrical energy to the output components of the system. The electrical energy that is supplied to the output components is based on predetermined combinations of input signal values.An output component is one that is operated by a control module. The output component receives electrical energy from the control group. The output component uses that electrical energy in one of two ways. The output component can use that electrical energy in order to perform work. The output component can use that electrical energy in order to provide information.As an example, a moving solenoid plunger will perform work. By performing work, the component has functioned in order to regulate the vehicle.As an example, a dash panel light or an alarm will provide information to the operator of the vehicle.These electronic components provide the ability to electronically control the engine operation. Engines with electronic controls offer the following advantages:
Improvement in performance
Improvement in fuel consumption
Reduction in emissions levels
Table 1
Electrical Connectors And Functions    
Connector     Function    
J1/P1     ECM Connector (70-Pin OEM Harness)    
J2/P2     ECM Connector (70-Pin, Engine Harness)    
J100/P100     Coolant Temperature Sensor (2-Pin Connector)    
J103/P103     Inlet Manifold Air Temperature Sensor (2-Pin Connector)    
J200/P200     Boost Pressure Sensor (3-Pin Connector)    
J203/P203     Atmospheric Pressure Sensor (3-Pin Connector)    
J204/P204     Injection Actuation Pressure Sensor (3-Pin Connector)    
J300/P300     Injection Solenoid Harness (12-Pin Connector)    
J301/P301     No. 1 Unit Injector Solenoid(2-Pin Connector)    
J302/P302     No. 2 Unit Injector Solenoid (2-Pin Connector)    
J303/P303     No. 3 Unit Injector Solenoid (2-Pin Connector)    
J304/P304     No. 4 Unit Injector Solenoid (2-Pin Connector)    
J305/P305     No. 5 Unit Injector Solenoid (2-Pin Connector)    
J306/P306     No. 6 Unit Injector Solenoid (2-Pin Connector)    
J400/P400     Engine Timing Calibration Probe (2-Pin Connector)    
J401/P401     Top Camshaft Speed/Timing Sensor (2-Pin Connector)    
J402/P402     Bottom Camshaft Speed/Timing Sensor (2-Pin Connector)    
J403/P403     Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor (3-Pin Connector)    
J500/P500     Injection Actuation Pressure Control Valve (2-Pin Connector)    
J501/P501     Air Inlet Heater Relay (2-Pin Connector)    
J648/P648     Air Inlet Heater Lamp (2-Pin Connector)    
Table 2
Diagnostic Flash Codes    
PID-FMI    Flash Code    Description of Code    
1-11     72     Cylinder 1 Fault    
2-11     72     Cylinder 2 Fault    
3-11     73     Cylinder 3 Fault    
4-11     73     Cylinder 4 Fault    
5-11     74     Cylinder 5 Fault    
6-11     74