1544390 Volvo.Penta Thermostat

Illustration 1 g01102550
(1) Exhaust valve (2) Inlet valve (3) Aftercooler core (4) Precooler (5) High-pressure turbocharger (6) Exhaust inlet for the high-pressure turbocharger (7) Wastegate (8) Outlet for the inlet air on the high-pressure turbocharger (9) High-pressure turbocharger exhaust outlet (10) Inlet for the inlet air on the high-pressure turbocharger (11) Exhaust inlet for the low-pressure turbocharger (12) Wastegate pressure line (13) Exhaust outlet for the low-pressure turbocharger (14) Outlet for the inlet air on the low-pressure turbocharger (15) Low-pressure turbocharger (16) Inlet for the inlet air on the low-pressure turbochargerThe engine components of the air inlet and exhaust system control the quality of air and the amount of air that is available for combustion. The components of the air inlet and exhaust system are the following components:
Air cleaner
Turbochargers
Precooler
Aftercooler
Cylinder head
Valves and valve system components
Piston and cylinder
Exhaust manifoldThe low-pressure turbocharger compressor wheel pulls inlet air through the air cleaner and into air inlet (16). The air is compressed by low-pressure turbocharger (15). Pressurizing the inlet air causes the air to heat up. The pressurized air exits the low-pressure turbocharger through outlet (14) and the air is forced into inlet (10) of high-pressure turbocharger (5) .The high-pressure turbocharger is used in order to compress the air to a higher pressure. This increase in pressure continues to cause the inlet air temperature to increase. As the air is compressed, the air is forced through the high-pressure turbocharger outlet (8) and into the air lines to precooler (4) .The pressurized inlet air is cooled by the precooler prior to being sent to the aftercooler. The precooler uses engine coolant to cool the air. Without the precooler, the inlet air would be too hot in order to be cooled sufficiently by the aftercooler. The inlet air then enters aftercooler core (3). The inlet air is cooled further by transferring heat to the ambient air. The combustion efficiency increases as the temperature of the inlet air decreases. Combustion efficiency helps to provide increased fuel efficiency and increased horsepower output. The aftercooler core is a separate cooler core that is mounted in front of the engine radiator. The engine fan and the ram effect of the forward motion of the vehicle causes ambient air to move across the core.Inlet air is forced from the aftercooler into the engine intake manifold. The airflow from the intake manifold into the cylinders and out of the cylinders is controlled by engine valve mechanisms.Each cylinder has two inlet valves (2) and two exhaust valves (1) that are mounted in the cylinder head. The inlet valves open when the piston moves downward on the inlet stroke. When the inlet valves open, cooled, compressed air from the intake manifold is pulled into the cylinder. The inlet valves close when the piston begins to move upward on the compression stroke. The air in the cylinder is compressed by the piston. As the air is compressed by the piston, the temperature of the air in the cylinder is heated. Fuel is injected into the cylinder when the piston is near the top of the compression stroke. Combustion begins when the fuel mixes with the hot, pressurized air. The force of combustion pushes the piston downward on the power stroke. The exhaust valves are opened as the piston travels upward to the top of the cylinder. The exhaust gases are pushed through the exhaust port into the exhaust manifold. After the piston completes the exhaust stroke, the exhaust valves close and the cycle will begin again.Exhaust gases from the exhaust manifold flow into the high-pressure turbocharger exhaust inlet (6). The hot gases that are expelled from the engine are used to turn the turbine wheel of the turbocharger. The turbine wheel drives