20482687 Volvo.Penta Voltage regulator

Illustration 1 g01099257
(1) Secondary speed/timing sensor
(2) Injectors
(3) Primary speed/timing sensor
(4) Retarder solenoid
(5) Solenoids for the Variable Valve Actuator
(6) Fuel supply rail
(7) Boost pressure sensor
(8) 2 Micron secondary fuel filter
(9) Fuel temperature regulator (If equipped)
(10) Atmospheric pressure sensor
(11) Fuel pump
(12) Primary fuel filter
(13) Fuel tank
(14) Engine oil pressure sensor
(15) Fuel pressure regulator
(16) Accelerator pedal
(17) Accelerator pedal position sensor
(18) Batteries
(19) Engine Control Module (ECM)
(20) Engine coolant temperature sensor
(21) SAE J1587/J1708 Data link
(22) Inlet air temperature sensor
(23) SAE J1939 Data link
(24) SAE J1922/J1708 Data link
(25) Fuel temperature sensor
(26) Ambient air temperature
(27) Timing calibration connector
(28) Warning and check engine lamps
(29) 2 Lamp outputs
(30) 6 Programmable outputs
(31) Engine coolant level sensor
(32) Cooling fan relay or solenoid
(33) Vehicle speed sensor
(34) Speedometer & tachometer
(35) PTO on/off switch and PTO set/resume switch
(36) Cruise on/off switch and cruise set/resume switch
(37) 7 Programmable inputs
(38) Service brake pedal position switches.
(39) Engine retarder switch
(40) Keyswitch
(41) Neutral & clutch pedal position switches The electronic unit injector system consists of the following systems: the mechanical system and the electronic system. The mechanical system is made up of the low pressure fuel supply system and the electronic unit injectors. The electronic system provides complete electronic control of all engine functions. The electronic control system consists of the following three types of components: input, control and output.There are five major components of the electronic unit injector fuel system:
Electronic unit injectors
Fuel transfer pump
ECM
Sensors
SolenoidsThe electronic unit injectors produce fuel injection pressures up to 207000 kPa (30000 psi). The electronic unit injectors also fire up to 19 times per second at rated speed. The fuel transfer pump supplies the injectors by drawing fuel from the tank and by pressurizing the system between 60 and 125 PSI. The ECM is a powerful computer which controls all major engine functions. Sensors are electronic devices which monitor engine performance parameters. Engine performance parameters measure pressure, temperature and speed. This information is sent to the ECM via a signal. Solenoids are electronic devices which use electronic currents from the ECM to change engine performance. An example of an solenoid is the injector solenoid.Low Pressure Fuel System
Illustration 2 g01125983
(2) Injectors
(6) Fuel supply rail
(8) 2 Micron secondary fuel filter
(9) Temperature regulator for the fuel (If equipped)
(11) Fuel pump
(12) Primary fuel filter
(13) Fuel tank
(15) Fuel pressure regulator The low pressure fuel system supplies fuel from the fuel tank to the injectors. The low pressure fuel system has four basic functions:
Supply fuel for combustion
Supply fuel in order to cool the injectors.
Remove air from the fuel.
Warm the fuel in the fuel tank.The major parts in a low pressure fuel system consist of the following components:
Fuel tank
Fuel transfer lines
Primary fuel filter or water separator
Fuel transfer pump
Secondary fuel filter
Fuel priming pump
Fuel pressure regulator valve
Fuel regulator valveThe electronic unit injectors, the fuel transfer pump, the ECM, sensors, and solenoids are part of the low pressure fuel system.In the low pressure fuel system, the fuel is pulled from the fuel tank to the primary fuel filter or to the water separator. The primary fuel filter removes large debris from the fuel before the fuel flows into the transfer pump. The fuel transfer pump is a gear pump that contains a pressure relief valve. Fuel flows from the outlet port of the transfer pump to the secondary fuel filter. The secondary fuel filter has a rating of 2 microns. The secondary filter removes small abrasive contaminants from the fuel system, which can cause damage to the unit injectors. The fuel filter base contains a hand operated fuel priming pump. The fuel priming pump removes air from the system when a fuel filter has been changed or a unit injector has been changed. The priming pump pulls fuel from the tank, around the transfer pump and into the filter. The transfer pump pushes fuel through the supply passage in the cylinder head and back to the tank.The fuel pressure regulator consists of a check valve under spring pressure. The pressure relief valve opens at approximately 60 to 125 PSI. When the engine is in the off position and the fuel pressure drops below 60 PSI, the check valve closes. The check valve closes in order to prevent the fuel in the cylinder head from draining back into the fuel tank. Retaining the fuel in the head maintains a supply of fuel for the injectors during start-up.The ECM controls major engine functions. Sensors are electronic devices that monitor engine performance parameters. The pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the speed sensor provide information to the ECM by a signal voltage. Actuators are electronic devices which use electrical currents from the ECM to change engine performance. An example of an actuator is an injector solenoid.Temperature Regulator for the fuel (If Equipped)
Later models will not have a temperature regulator for the fuel.The fuel regulator valve is located in one of the return fuel lines. The fuel line runs from the fuel filter base to the fuel transfer pump. The fuel regulator valve is controlled by the temperature of the fuel. The valve is in the open position at temperatures below 21 °C (70 °F). The valve closes at temperatures above 27 °C (80 °F). The temperature regulator for the fuel is used to supply the injectors with warm fuel during cold operation. Fuel is delivered to the injectors by a fuel passage in the cylinder head. The injectors are supplied with an excess of fuel. The excess fuel removes heat from the injectors. This heated fuel will mix with the cold fuel in the fuel tank. The fuel regulator valve in the return fuel line mixes fuel from the fuel tank with the excess fuel that is returning to the fuel tank. The warm fuel increases injector life. Electronic Controls
The electronic control system provides complete electronic control of all engine functions. The electronic control system consists of the following three types of components: input, control and output. Sensors monitor engine operating conditions. This information is sent to the ECM. The ECM has three main functions. The ECM provides power for the engine electronics and monitors input signals