21166002 Volvo.Penta Wiring harness

Engine Specifications
Note: The front end of the engine is opposite the flywheel end of the engine. The left and the right sides of the engine are determined from the flywheel end. The number 1 cylinder is the front cylinder.
Illustration 1 g01187485
(A) Exhaust valve
(B) Inlet valve
Table 1
C-4.4 Engine Specifications
Operating Range (rpm) 700 to 2640(1)
Arrangement and Cylinders In-Line 4 cylinder
Bore 105 mm (4.13 inch)
Stroke 127 mm (5 inch)
Aspiration Turbocharged, Turbocharged aftercooled
Compression Ratio 16.2:1
Displacement 4.4 L (269 in3)
Firing Order 1-3-4-2
Rotation (flywheel end) Counterclockwise
Valve Lash (inlet) 0.35 mm (0.013 inch)
Valve Lash (exhaust) 0.35 mm (0.013 inch)
(1) The operating rpm is dependent on the engine rating, the application and the configuration of the throttle.Electronic Engine Features
The Caterpillar C-4.4 Engine is designed for electronic controls. The integral on board computer controls the operation of the engine. Current operating conditions are monitored. The Electronic Control Module (ECM) controls the response of the engine to these conditions and to the demands of the operator. These conditions and operator demands determine the precise control of fuel injection by the ECM. The electronic engine control system provides the following features:
Engine monitoring
Engine speed governing
Control of injection pressure
Cold start strategy
Automatic air/fuel ratio control
Torque rise shaping
Injection timing control
System diagnosticsFor more information on electronic engine features, refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Engine Features and Controls" topic (Operation Section).Engine Diagnostics
The engine has built-in diagnostics in order to ensure that the engine systems are functioning correctly. The operator will be informed of any change to a programmed limit. The operator will be alerted to the condition by a "Stop or Warning" lamp that is mounted on the dashboard. Under certain conditions, the engine horsepower and the vehicle speed may be limited. The Caterpillar Electronic Technician (ET) may be used to display the diagnostic codes.There are three types of codes: active diagnostic, logged diagnostic and event.Most of the diagnostic codes are logged and stored in the ECM. For additional information, refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Engine Diagnostics" topic (Operation Section).The ECM provides an electronic governor that controls the injector output in order to maintain the desired engine rpm.Engine Cooling and Lubrication
The cooling system consists of the following components:
Gear-driven centrifugal water pump
Water temperature regulator which regulates the engine coolant temperature
Gear-driven oil pump
Oil coolerThe engine lubricating oil is supplied by a rotor type oil pump. The engine lubricating oil is cooled and the engine lubricating oil is filtered. The bypass valves can provide unrestricted flow of lubrication oil to the engine if the oil filter element should become plugged.Engine efficiency, efficiency of emission controls, and engine performance depend on adherence to proper operation and maintenance recommendations. Engine performance and efficiency also depend on the use of recommended fuels, lubrication oils, and coolants. Refer to this Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Maintenance Interval Schedule" for more information on maintenance items.Engine Service Life
Engine efficiency and maximum utilization of engine performance depend on the adherence to proper operation and maintenance recommendations. In addition, use recommended fuels, coolants and lubricants. Use the Operation and Maintenance Manual as a guide for required engine maintenance.Expected engine life is generally predicted by the average power that is demanded. The average power that is demanded is based on fuel consumption of the engine over a period of time. Reduced hours of operation at full throttle and/or operating at reduced throttle settings result in a lower average power demand. Reduced hours of operation will increase the length of operating time before an engine overhaul is required. For more information, refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Overhaul Considerations" topic (Maintenance Section).Aftermarket Products and Caterpillar Engines
When auxiliary devices, accessories, or consumables (filters, additives, catalysts, etc) which are made by other manufacturers are used on Caterpillar products, the Caterpillar warranty is not affected simply because of such use.However, failures that result from the installation or use of other manufacturers' devices, accessories, or consumables are NOT Caterpillar defects. Therefore, the defects are NOT covered under the Caterpillar warranty.Welding and Caterpillar Electronic Engines
Because the strength of the frame may decrease, some manufacturers do not recommend welding onto a chassis frame or rail. Consult the OEM of the equipment or your Caterpillar dealer regarding welding on a chassis frame or rail.
To help avoid damage to the electronic controls, proper welding procedures are necessary. Before welding on an engine that is equipped with an electronic engine, observe the following precautions:
Turn off the engine. Place the key start switch in the OFF position.
If the machine has a battery disconnect switch, open the switch. Otherwise, disconnect the negative "-" battery cable from the battery of the vehicle.
Do not ground the welder to electrical components such as the ECM or sensors. Improper grounding can cause damage to the drive train bearings, hydraulic components, electrical components, and other components.Clamp the ground cable from the welder to the component that will be welded. Place the clamp as close as possible to the weld. This will help reduce the possibility of damage.
Clamp the ground cable from the welder to the component that will be welded. Place the clamp as close as possible to the weld.
Protect wiring harnesses from welding debris and spatter. Use proper welding procedures.